长大隧道施工安全风险评估及其应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 17:18

本文选题：长大隧道 + 施工风险　；参考：《西南交通大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：长大隧道工程的建设往往会带来显著的社会和经济效益,具有一定的战略意义。近年,我国隧道施工技术水平得到长足的发展,长大隧道大量涌现。“长”和“大”两个突出属性意味着更复杂的水文和地质条件,更复杂的结构受力状态,包含更多的风险因素,施工难度大,建设过程风险高,施工风险问题日益突出。因此,开展长大隧道施工安全风险评估与管理研究工作具有重要的现实意义。本文综合运用文献研究、现场调研、专家调查、统计分析和模糊数学方法,在独立研究和归纳总结的基础上,开展了长大隧道施工安全风险评估研究工作。并以成昆铁路米易至攀枝花段扩能改造工程MPZQ-2标垭口隧道为依托,进行长大隧道施工安全风险评估应用。论文主要工作和成果如下：(1)统计分析了国内296起隧道施工典型事故,详细总结了各类典型事故的影响因素,结合已有研究成果、工程现场问卷调查和专家咨询,建立了长大隧道施工安全总体风险和专项风险(塌方、涌水、瓦斯、近接建构(筑)物施工)评估指标体系。(2)基于模糊层次综合评估法和专家调查法,建立了长大隧道施工安全风险评估模型。采用模糊层次综合评估法评估隧道施工安全风险概率等级；采用专家调查法评估隧道施工安全风险损失等级：开展长大隧道施工安全风险损失专家调查问卷工作,对调查结果进行统计分析以初步评估隧道施工安全风险损失等级。(3)基于事故影响因素的详细分析、专家咨询回馈,利用层次分析法构建长大隧道施工安全风险评估指标的两两比较矩阵,并计算矩阵的特征向量和一致性检验,确定各层评估指标的相对权重；结合已有文献研究,采用梯形函数分布确定长大隧道施工安全风险评估指标的隶属函数。(4)结合隧道相关风险评估与管理规范、指南,提出长大隧道施工安全风险评估的一般流程,给出本文长大隧道施工安全风险评估所采用的风险等级标准：初步划分了长大隧道施工安全风险评估指标体系中各指标的评判标准；从管理措施和技术措施两方面总结提出长大隧道施工安全风险控制技术体系。(5)基于SQL Server建立了隧道施工事故数据库,实现事故信息的录入(存储)和查询；应用C#语言开发隧道施工风险评估软件。(6)应用文中建立的长大隧道施工安全风险评估模型,进行垭口隧道施工安全风险评估。得到垭口隧道施工初始总体风险等级为“高度”,采取管理与技术双重措施后,再次评估显示其风险等级降低到了“中度”。该评估结果同中国路桥公司成昆铁路米易至攀枝花段项目经理部组织专家开展的垭口隧道施工安全风险评估结果吻合。
[Abstract]:The construction of long tunnel often brings remarkable social and economic benefits and has certain strategic significance. In recent years, the level of tunnel construction technology in China has been greatly developed, and a large number of large tunnels have emerged. The two outstanding attributes of "long" and "big" mean more complicated hydrological and geological conditions, more complicated structural stress state, more risk factors, more difficult construction, high risk in the construction process, and increasingly prominent construction risk problems. Therefore, the research on safety risk assessment and management of long tunnel construction is of great practical significance. On the basis of independent research and summary, this paper has carried out the research work of safety risk assessment of long and long tunnel construction based on literature research, field investigation, expert investigation, statistical analysis and fuzzy mathematics method. The safety risk assessment of long tunnel construction is carried out based on the MPZQ-2 Biao Yakou tunnel in the capacity expansion project from Mi Yi to Panzhihua section of Cheng-Kun railway. The main work and results of this paper are as follows: (1) A statistical analysis of 296 typical accidents in tunnel construction in China is made, and the influencing factors of various typical accidents are summarized in detail. The evaluation index system of overall risk and special risk (collapse, water gushing, gas construction) of long and long tunnel construction is established, which is based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and expert investigation method. The safety risk assessment model of long tunnel construction is established. The probability grade of safety risk in tunnel construction is evaluated by fuzzy level comprehensive evaluation method, and the grade of safety risk loss in tunnel construction is evaluated by expert investigation method. The expert questionnaire on safety risk loss in long tunnel construction is carried out. Statistical analysis of the survey results to assess the tunnel construction safety risk loss grade. 3) based on the detailed analysis of the factors affecting the accident, expert consultation and feedback, Using AHP to construct the pairwise comparison matrix of safety risk assessment index of long tunnel construction, calculate the eigenvector and consistency test of matrix, determine the relative weight of each layer evaluation index, combine with the existing literature research, Adopting trapezoidal function distribution to determine the subordinate function of safety risk assessment index of long and long tunnel construction. (4) combining with the relevant risk assessment and management criterion of tunnel, the general process of safety risk assessment for long and long tunnel construction is put forward. The risk grade standards used in the assessment of the construction safety risk of the long and long tunnel are given: the evaluation standards of each index in the evaluation index system of the construction safety risk of the long and long tunnel are preliminarily divided; From the two aspects of management measures and technical measures, the paper puts forward the technical system of safety risk control for long and long tunnel construction. (5) based on SQL Server, a tunnel construction accident database is established to realize the input (storage) and query of accident information. Using C # language to develop the risk assessment software of tunnel construction, the model of safety risk assessment for long tunnel construction is established in this paper, and the safety risk assessment of Yakou tunnel construction is carried out. The initial overall risk grade of Yakou tunnel construction is "height". After adopting both management and technology measures, the re-evaluation shows that the risk grade of Yakou tunnel is reduced to "moderate". The evaluation results are in agreement with the safety risk assessment results of Yakou tunnel construction organized by the project manager department of Chengkun Railway from Mi Yi to Panzhihua Section of China Road and Bridge Corporation.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U455.1

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