单井称重式自动计量装置设计与分析

发布时间：2018-06-14 06:54

本文选题：单井计量 + 称重计量　；参考：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：油井产量计量是指计量单井油、气和液产出物的日产量,它是油田开采的第一次计量,它对于掌握油藏动态变化和制定后续开采方案具有重大的指导意义。目前国内外主要的油井计量方法有玻璃管液面计量、翻斗计量、三相分离体积计量、示功图法量油和不分离计量等。单井计量有许多难点,流体是多相间歇来液,介质复杂(砂、蜡和气体),油水比例检测困难。故单井计量需找到可靠和简便的计量方法。首先,调研油井计量方法和计量装置的相关资料,了解国内外油井计量的发展现状。虽然单井计量难度大,但是称重式自动计量方法,精度高,自动化程度高,可靠性好,故单井计量宜选用称重计量。然后,针对机抽井间歇性出液的特点,本文采用单井称重式自动计量装置,设计出称重式自动计量装置的结构和计量方案。该计量装置结构包括三大系统：罐体、计量系统、排液阀控制系统；计量方案采用柱锥式气液旋流分离器称重计量。设计出单井称重式自动计量装置的主要结构尺寸,并校核强度。其次,单井称重式自动计量装置的核心部件是柱锥式气液旋流分离器,根据计算流体力学的数值计算方法,采用FLUENT软件对旋流分离器进行液体单相流场仿真。通过分析柱锥式气液旋流分离器内部液体单相流场的分布规律,为气液两相流场仿真打下基础。由于气体对单井称重式自动计量装置计量有影响,故采用FLUENT软件对单井称重式自动计量装置的核心部件旋流分离器进行气液两相流场数值模拟。通过分析流场的速度分布、压力分布和流体浓度分布,优选出柱锥式气液旋流分离器相应的结构尺寸,为称重计量提供有利条件。最后,分析称重计量装置的控制步骤,选择了西门子S7-200系列,并选择了相关模块,通过PLC梯形图和上位机界面,实现了称重计量装置的自动计量。
[Abstract]:Oil well production metering refers to the daily production of single well oil, gas and liquid. It is the first measurement of oilfield production. It is of great guiding significance for mastering reservoir dynamic changes and formulating subsequent production plans. At present, the main oil well metering methods at home and abroad include glass pipe liquid level metering, tipping bucket metering, three-phase separation volume metering, indicator diagram oil measurement and non-separation metering. There are many difficulties in single well metering, the fluid is multiphase intermittent liquid, the medium is complex (sand, wax and gas), the oil / water ratio is difficult to detect. Therefore, it is necessary to find a reliable and simple metering method for single well metering. First of all, investigate the relevant information of oil well metering methods and metering devices, understand the development of oil well metering at home and abroad. Although the measurement of single well is difficult, the weighing automatic metering method is of high precision, high degree of automation and good reliability. Then, according to the characteristics of intermittent fluid production from pumping wells, the structure and metering scheme of weighing automatic metering device are designed by using single well weighing automatic metering device. The structure of the metering device consists of three systems: tank, metering system and drain valve control system; the metering scheme adopts column cone type gas-liquid cyclone separator to weigh and measure. The main structural dimensions of single well weighing automatic metering device are designed and the strength is checked. Secondly, the core component of the single well weighing automatic metering device is the column cone type gas-liquid cyclone separator. According to the numerical calculation method of computational fluid dynamics, fluent software is used to simulate the liquid single-phase flow field of the cyclone separator. By analyzing the distribution law of liquid single phase flow field in column cone type gas-liquid cyclone separator, the foundation of gas-liquid two-phase flow field simulation is established. Because of the influence of gas on the measurement of single well weighing automatic metering device, fluent software is used to simulate the gas-liquid two-phase flow field in the cyclone separator, the core component of the single-well weighing automatic metering device. By analyzing the velocity distribution, pressure distribution and fluid concentration distribution of the flow field, the corresponding structural dimensions of the column cone type gas-liquid cyclone separator are selected, which provides favorable conditions for weighing and metering. Finally, the control steps of weighing device are analyzed, Siemens S7-200 series is selected, and relevant modules are selected. Through PLC ladder diagram and upper computer interface, the automatic measurement of weighing device is realized.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE331

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