广西耕地的质量、生态、经济协调度评价
发布时间：2018-08-09 16:38
【摘要】：耕地的质量、生态、经济协调度可以作为衡量一个特定区域内耕地的利用水平的重要指标。研究区域耕地的质量、生态和经济的协调度可以为规划一个区域土地利用方式和水平提供科学依据。以广西壮族自治区全境的耕地利用情况、耕地质量、及以耕地为主要生产资料的周边相关农田生态情况和农业经济情况为数据样本,将广西全境划分为以梧州市为中心的桂东南丘陵区、以南宁市为中心的桂南沿海区、以柳州市为中心的桂中低平原河谷区、以百色市为中心的桂西岩溶山地区、以桂林市为中心的桂北山地区这五个指标区,利用2013年广西土地利用变更数据、2013年广西统计年鉴等相关资料,基于耕地的质量、生态、经济协调度评价体系,分别评价广西这五个指标区耕地的质量、生态、经济协调度,基于所得到的协调度结果分析广西耕地空间布局的优劣,并通过利用ArcGIS10.1中ArcMAP功能模块绘制广西境内耕地协调度分区图,以此为广西基本农田和耕地空间布局调整的基本方案提供科学依据。协调度的评价结果以协调度指数1到5的闭合区间为基准,1为最低值,5为最高值。研究结果表明：1.广西西部岩溶山地区与广西北部山地区耕地质量、生态、经济协调度较低：广西西部地区协调度指数为2.82,影响西部岩溶山地区协调度较低的主要原因是西部耕地坡度较大、耕地利用等别较低,土壤质地不适宜耕种,水资源十分缺乏以及在耕种过程中水的过度利用和浪费,而西部地区的农业经济效益较高,城市的发展速度水平有利于开发农业生产,因此西部地区可以考虑从节水、提高耕地质量的途径来提高原有耕地的利用率,一方面注重保护原有耕地,另一方面不能以耕地为由限制发展。影响北部山地区协调度较低的主要原因是耕地坡度较大,利用等别较低；广西北部地区协调度为2.32,但北部地区土壤质地良好,适宜耕种,这一区域现存我国规模最大的景观梯田,这种高山地区的种植方式有极大的景观价值和生态意义,应该给予重点保护,而对于坡度特别大、利用等别特别低的耕地可以不作为基本农田保留。2.广西中部低平原河谷区一级广西东南部丘陵山地区耕地质量、生态、经济协调度高,东南地区协调度指数为3.88,中部地区协调度指数为3.86,这些区域耕地坡度、耕地利用等别适宜耕种,土壤质地良好,协调度较高,这些地区已经超额完成了以往国家下达的基本农田保护任务。这些地区自身耕地质量、生态、经济协调度指数高,且地方经济发展迅速,城市化发展的过程中也需要更多的耕地作为保障,在基本农田调整方案中应该重点保留这部分的耕地。3.广西南部沿海地区耕地质量、生态、经济协调度非常高,协调度指数为4.02,这一区域地势平坦,坡度适宜,耕地利用等别高,并且水资源丰富,生态条件较好,农业经济发展强。但区域内包括广西首府南宁市,属于二线城市,城市发展进程与耕地保护互相制约,需要在这两者中找到平衡点,进行进一步的协调度分析与落实保护方案。通过这一结果,我们可以知道,对于广西的耕地保护,南部、东南部以及中部区域,主要应该针对已有的优质耕地做好保护,同时调整和整理出优质的耕地后备资源,进行开发和复垦；而对于北部及西部的耕地,可以剔除部分质量较差,坡度大的耕地,不要限制其开发利用,加强土地利用,优化耕地质量,在有限的耕地上提高种植水平。并基于此结果,为基本农田划定调整以及耕地空间布局规划提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:The quality, ecological and economic coordination of cultivated land can be used as an important indicator to measure the utilization level of cultivated land in a specific region. The study of the quality of cultivated land, the ecological and economic coordination can provide a scientific basis for the planning of a regional land use mode and level. The cultivated land use situation of the whole territory of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region can be cultivated. The land quality, the surrounding related farmland ecological situation and the agricultural economic situation of the cultivated land as the main production data are the data samples. The whole territory of Guangxi is divided into the hilly area of Southeast Guangxi in the center of Wuzhou City, the southern Guangxi coastal area with the center of Nanning City, the low plain valley area of the middle Guangxi middle Guangxi in Liuzhou as the center, and the West Guangxi in the center of Baise. The karst mountain area, taking Guilin as the center of the five index areas of the north mountain area of the Guilin City, uses the data of land use change in 2013 and the Guangxi Statistical Yearbook in 2013, based on the evaluation system of the quality, ecology and economic coordination of cultivated land, and evaluates the quality, ecological and economic coordination of the five index areas of Guangxi respectively. The result of the coordination degree analysis of Guangxi cultivated land layout is good and bad, and by using the ArcMAP function module in ArcGIS10.1 to draw the area map of the coordination degree of cultivated land in Guangxi, so as to provide scientific basis for the basic plan of the adjustment of basic farmland and arable land distribution in Guangxi. The evaluation result of coordination degree is closed from 1 to 5 of the co dispatching index. The 1 is the lowest value and the 5 is the highest. The results show that the coordination degree of farmland quality, ecology and economy in Western Guangxi and Northern Guangxi is low: the coordination index of Western Guangxi is 2.82. The main reason for the low coordination degree of Western Karst mountain area is that the farmland slope of Western China is large, cultivated land is large. The utilization of the soil is low, the soil texture is not suitable for farming, the water resources are very short and the water is overused and wasted in the cultivation process. The agricultural economic benefit of the western region is high and the speed level of the city development is beneficial to the development of agricultural production. Therefore, the western region can consider the ways of improving the water saving and improving the quality of the cultivated land to raise the original level. The utilization rate of cultivated land, on the one hand, pay attention to the protection of the original cultivated land, on the other hand, we can not restrict the development of the cultivated land on the other hand. The main reason for the low coordination degree in the northern mountain area is that the slope of the cultivated land is large and the utilization is low; the coordination degree of the northern region of Guangxi is 2.32, but the soil in the northern region is good and suitable for farming. The largest landscape terrace in China, which has great landscape value and ecological significance, should be given key protection. For the high slope, the cultivated land can not be used as the basic farmland to retain the quality of the cultivated land in the hilly mountain area of the southeast of Guangxi in the low plain valley area of Central Guangxi, with a very large slope. The ecological and economic coordination degree is high, the coordination index of the southeast region is 3.88, the coordination degree index of the central region is 3.86. The cultivated land slope, the cultivated land use and so on are suitable for farming. The soil texture is good and the coordination degree is high. These areas have overcompleted the basic farmland protection tasks of the previous countries. Ecological, economic coordination index is high, and local economic development is rapid. In the process of urbanization, more arable land is needed as security. In the basic farmland adjustment scheme, the cultivated land in the southern coastal area of the southern coastal area of Guangxi Guangxi should be focused on. The ecological and economic coordination degree is very high, and the coordination index is 4.02. The terrain is flat, the slope is suitable, the cultivated land is high, and the water resources are rich, the ecological conditions are good, the agricultural economy is strong. But the region includes Nanning City, the capital of Guangxi, which belongs to the second line city. The development process of the city and the protection of cultivated land are mutually restricted. Through this result, we can know that the protection of cultivated land in Guangxi, the south, the southeast and the central region should be mainly protected against the existing high quality arable land, at the same time, we should adjust and organize the high quality cultivated land reserve resources for development and reclamation, while the cultivated land in the north and the west can eliminate some of the quality. Poor, sloping arable land should not limit its exploitation and utilization, strengthen land use, optimize the quality of cultivated land and raise the level of planting on limited cultivated land. Based on this result, it provides a scientific basis for the adjustment of basic farmland and the planning of the spatial layout of cultivated land.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F323.211;S159.2
本文编号：2174687
[Abstract]:The quality, ecological and economic coordination of cultivated land can be used as an important indicator to measure the utilization level of cultivated land in a specific region. The study of the quality of cultivated land, the ecological and economic coordination can provide a scientific basis for the planning of a regional land use mode and level. The cultivated land use situation of the whole territory of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region can be cultivated. The land quality, the surrounding related farmland ecological situation and the agricultural economic situation of the cultivated land as the main production data are the data samples. The whole territory of Guangxi is divided into the hilly area of Southeast Guangxi in the center of Wuzhou City, the southern Guangxi coastal area with the center of Nanning City, the low plain valley area of the middle Guangxi middle Guangxi in Liuzhou as the center, and the West Guangxi in the center of Baise. The karst mountain area, taking Guilin as the center of the five index areas of the north mountain area of the Guilin City, uses the data of land use change in 2013 and the Guangxi Statistical Yearbook in 2013, based on the evaluation system of the quality, ecology and economic coordination of cultivated land, and evaluates the quality, ecological and economic coordination of the five index areas of Guangxi respectively. The result of the coordination degree analysis of Guangxi cultivated land layout is good and bad, and by using the ArcMAP function module in ArcGIS10.1 to draw the area map of the coordination degree of cultivated land in Guangxi, so as to provide scientific basis for the basic plan of the adjustment of basic farmland and arable land distribution in Guangxi. The evaluation result of coordination degree is closed from 1 to 5 of the co dispatching index. The 1 is the lowest value and the 5 is the highest. The results show that the coordination degree of farmland quality, ecology and economy in Western Guangxi and Northern Guangxi is low: the coordination index of Western Guangxi is 2.82. The main reason for the low coordination degree of Western Karst mountain area is that the farmland slope of Western China is large, cultivated land is large. The utilization of the soil is low, the soil texture is not suitable for farming, the water resources are very short and the water is overused and wasted in the cultivation process. The agricultural economic benefit of the western region is high and the speed level of the city development is beneficial to the development of agricultural production. Therefore, the western region can consider the ways of improving the water saving and improving the quality of the cultivated land to raise the original level. The utilization rate of cultivated land, on the one hand, pay attention to the protection of the original cultivated land, on the other hand, we can not restrict the development of the cultivated land on the other hand. The main reason for the low coordination degree in the northern mountain area is that the slope of the cultivated land is large and the utilization is low; the coordination degree of the northern region of Guangxi is 2.32, but the soil in the northern region is good and suitable for farming. The largest landscape terrace in China, which has great landscape value and ecological significance, should be given key protection. For the high slope, the cultivated land can not be used as the basic farmland to retain the quality of the cultivated land in the hilly mountain area of the southeast of Guangxi in the low plain valley area of Central Guangxi, with a very large slope. The ecological and economic coordination degree is high, the coordination index of the southeast region is 3.88, the coordination degree index of the central region is 3.86. The cultivated land slope, the cultivated land use and so on are suitable for farming. The soil texture is good and the coordination degree is high. These areas have overcompleted the basic farmland protection tasks of the previous countries. Ecological, economic coordination index is high, and local economic development is rapid. In the process of urbanization, more arable land is needed as security. In the basic farmland adjustment scheme, the cultivated land in the southern coastal area of the southern coastal area of Guangxi Guangxi should be focused on. The ecological and economic coordination degree is very high, and the coordination index is 4.02. The terrain is flat, the slope is suitable, the cultivated land is high, and the water resources are rich, the ecological conditions are good, the agricultural economy is strong. But the region includes Nanning City, the capital of Guangxi, which belongs to the second line city. The development process of the city and the protection of cultivated land are mutually restricted. Through this result, we can know that the protection of cultivated land in Guangxi, the south, the southeast and the central region should be mainly protected against the existing high quality arable land, at the same time, we should adjust and organize the high quality cultivated land reserve resources for development and reclamation, while the cultivated land in the north and the west can eliminate some of the quality. Poor, sloping arable land should not limit its exploitation and utilization, strengthen land use, optimize the quality of cultivated land and raise the level of planting on limited cultivated land. Based on this result, it provides a scientific basis for the adjustment of basic farmland and the planning of the spatial layout of cultivated land.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F323.211;S159.2
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