南中国海、东印度洋今生颗石藻的时空异质性研究
发布时间：2018-08-17 09:05
【摘要】：本文对2012年夏季的南海琼东海域,以及2011年和2012年春季季风间期的东印度洋海域的今生颗石藻的生物样品及环境参数进行了现场调查研究。根据制片后的颗石藻样品,总结归纳了两种海域的生物群落特征,并进行了颗石藻与营养盐等环境因子的对应分析,探讨其生态学方面的作用、机理及贡献。南中国海(简称南海)面积达350万平方公里,是西太平洋最大的边缘海,表层环流受季风驱动,有黑潮分支入侵,是典型的贫营养低生产力区。作为南海最重要的物理现象之一的中尺度涡(Mesoscaleeddy),对海洋环流系统具深远影响。根据卫星资料显示,强烈的涡旋活动区出现在南海和西北太平洋海区,琼东海域有极富营养的冷涡中心,无涡旋的海域的叶绿素和初级生产力不如有气旋涡和反气旋涡存在的海域高,是控制生物生产的关键过程。南海作为连接太平洋和印度洋的海上通道,是季风过渡区,与全球气候密切相关,东印度洋是连接亚洲等大洲的交通要道,对邻近海区的生态环境具有重要影响。其中印尼贯穿流是从太平洋向西越过印尼海域的通道,是全球热盐环流的重要环节,30多年来吸引了众多领域和模型研究的关注焦点。孟加拉湾和赤道东印度洋海区是南海夏季风的主气流通道,关系着南海生态环境变化。春季季风间期,水体状况较稳定,方便长期作业调查。通过偏振光显微镜对颗石藻样品进行丰度和物种统计。2012年8月在琼东上升流及附近海区(18.09°-21.47°N,110.24°-116.01°E)56个站位采集的222个颗石藻样品共检出34种今生颗石藻,颗石粒优势物种为赫氏艾密里藻(Emiliania huxleyi、大洋桥石藻(Gephyrocapsa oceanica)、纤细伞球藻(Umbellosphaera tenuis)、卡特螺旋藻(Helicosphaera carteri)、地中海花冠球藻(Coronsphaera mediterranea)和喇叭盘球藻(Discosphaera tubifera);颗石球优势物种包括赫氏艾密里藻(Emliania huxleyi)、大洋桥石藻(Gephyrocapsaoceanica)、粗壮环翼球(Algirosphaera robusta)、深水花球藻(Floriisphaera profunda)和地中海花冠球藻(Coronosphaera mediterranea)。细胞丰度范围 0-68.903(×10~3 cells/L),平均值为 8.103(×10~3 cells/L)。从水平分布来看,高值区出现在海南岛以东和大洋SEATS站;垂直分布上,主要集中在50 m-75m的次表层。在对颗石藻数据进行主成分分析(PCA)后,将之与环境因子结合进行了冗余分析(RDA),结果显示颗石粒和颗石球受多种因子影响,二者共同受限的因子有N/P和P043-。根据2011年4月东印度洋(-5°-18.05°N,79.99°-113.23°E)56个站位采集到有效颗石藻样品数143个,共发现30种今生颗石藻。优势物种为赫氏艾密里藻(Emiliania huxleyi)、大洋桥石藻(Gephyrocapsa oceanica)、深水花球藻(Florisphaera profunda)、希布格脐球藻(Umilicoipiaera sibogae)粗壮环翼球(Algirosphaera robusta)和卡特螺旋藻(Helicosphaera carteri)。颗石粒细胞丰度范围 0.26-376.065(×10~3coccoliths/L),平均值为 41.928(×10~3coccoliths/L);颗石球丰度0.329-63.802(×10~3cells/L),平均值为 12.445(×10~3cells/L).;表层丰度范围0.26-376.065(×10~3coccoliths/L)平均值 67.513(×10~3coccoliths/L),1.019-62.706(×10~3 cells/L),平均值为 10.960(×10~3cells/L)。2012 年 4 月东印度洋(-5°-6.01°N,80°-93.99°E)于30个站位共采集到有效颗石藻样品200个,共发现22种今生颗石藻。优势物种为大洋桥石藻(Gephyrocap oceanica)、赫氏艾密里藻(Emiliania huxleyi)、深水花球藻(Florisphaera profunda)、不规则伞球藻(Umbellosphaera irregularis)和希布格脐球藻(Umbilicosphaera sibogae)等。颗石粒细胞丰度介于0.192-161.709(× 1 03 coccoliths/L),平均值 22.658(× 1 03 coccoliths/L),颗石球细胞丰度介于 0.192-68.365(×10~3 cells/L),9.386(×10~3 cells/L)。关于南海颗石藻的研究多集中在南部北部水体的一些零星报道,印度洋的生物地理方面的研究工作也很区域化,缺乏整体的分布模式。鉴于南海和东印度洋在自然、社会和经济上的独特作用和重要关联性,研究、对比认识南海和东印度洋生物、水文背景具有长期的重要意义。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the biological samples and environmental parameters of Coccolithophyta in the Qiongdong Sea in the summer of 2012 and the East Indian Ocean in the spring monsoon interval of 2011 and 2012 were investigated. The South China Sea (SCS), with an area of 3.5 million square kilometers, is the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific Ocean. Its surface circulation is driven by monsoon and intruded by Kuroshio branches. It is a typical area of poor nutrition and low productivity. It is one of the most important physical phenomena in the SCS. According to the satellite data, the strong eddy activity areas appear in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific Ocean, and there is a eutrophic cold vortex center in the eastern Hainan Sea. The chlorophyll and primary productivity in the non-eddy sea area are not as high as those in the sea area with cyclonic eddies and anticyclonic eddies. The South China Sea is a transitional zone between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. It is closely related to the global climate. The East Indian Ocean is a major transportation route connecting Asia and other continents. It has an important impact on the ecological environment of the adjacent sea areas. The Indonesian cross-flow is from the Pacific Ocean to the West through the Indonesian Sea. The Bay of Bengal and the Equatorial East Indian Ocean are the main airflow passages of the South China Sea summer monsoon, which are related to the changes of the ecological environment in the South China Sea. Thirty-four species of conglomerate were detected in 222 samples collected from 56 stations in the upwelling area of Eastern Qiongdong and the adjacent sea area (18.09-21.47 degrees N, 110.24 degrees-116.01 degrees E) in August 2012. Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyroca were the dominant species of conglomerate. PSA oceanica, Umbellosphaera tenuis, Helicosphaera carteri, Coronsphaera Mediterranea and Discosphaera tubifera; dominant species of coccolithoids include Emliania huxleyi, Gerophysaoceanica, and Pterophyllus stout. (Algirosphaera robusta), Floriisphaera profunda and Coronosphaera mediterranea. The cell abundance ranged from 0 to 68.903 cells/L with an average value of 8.103 cells/L. From the horizontal distribution point of view, the high value areas appeared in the SEATS stations east of Hainan Island and in the ocean; the vertical distribution was mainly concentrated in the SEATS stations. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was carried out after principal component analysis (PCA) of coccolith data. The results showed that coccolith and pebble were affected by many factors. The common limiting factors were N/P and P 043-. According to the data of 56 stations in the East Indian Ocean (-5 degrees-18.05 degrees N, 79.99 degrees-113.23 degrees E) in April 2011. The dominant species were Emiliania huxleyi, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Florisphaera profunda, Umilicoipiasibogae, Algirospharobusta and He. Licosphaera carteri. the abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.26 to 376.065 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L), with an average of 41.928 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L); the abundance of pebbles ranged from 0.329 to 63.802 (x 10 ~ 3 cells / L), with an average of 12.445 (x 10 ~ 3 cells / L); and the surface abundance ranged from 0.26 to 376.065 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L) with an average of 67.513 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L) and 1.019-62 (- 62). The East Indian Ocean (- 5 degrees - 6.01 degrees N, 80 degrees - 93.99 degrees E) in April 2012 collected 200 samples of effective coccolithophyta from 30 stations, and 22 species of present-day coccolithophyta were found. The dominant species were Gephyrocap oceanica, Emiliania huxleyi, and Fl. Orisphaera profunda, Umbellosphaera irregularis and Umbilicosphaera sibogae. The abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.192 to 161.709 (x 103 COCCOLITHS / L), with an average of 22.658 (x 103 COCCOLITHS / L), and the abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.192 to 68.365 (x 103 cells / L), 9.386 (x 103 cells / L). In view of the unique natural, social and economic roles and important relationships between the South China Sea and the East Indian Ocean, the study of Coccolithophyta in the South China Sea has been compared and recognized. The oceanic and hydrological background is of great importance in the long run.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：Q948.8
本文编号：2187137
[Abstract]:In this paper, the biological samples and environmental parameters of Coccolithophyta in the Qiongdong Sea in the summer of 2012 and the East Indian Ocean in the spring monsoon interval of 2011 and 2012 were investigated. The South China Sea (SCS), with an area of 3.5 million square kilometers, is the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific Ocean. Its surface circulation is driven by monsoon and intruded by Kuroshio branches. It is a typical area of poor nutrition and low productivity. It is one of the most important physical phenomena in the SCS. According to the satellite data, the strong eddy activity areas appear in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific Ocean, and there is a eutrophic cold vortex center in the eastern Hainan Sea. The chlorophyll and primary productivity in the non-eddy sea area are not as high as those in the sea area with cyclonic eddies and anticyclonic eddies. The South China Sea is a transitional zone between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. It is closely related to the global climate. The East Indian Ocean is a major transportation route connecting Asia and other continents. It has an important impact on the ecological environment of the adjacent sea areas. The Indonesian cross-flow is from the Pacific Ocean to the West through the Indonesian Sea. The Bay of Bengal and the Equatorial East Indian Ocean are the main airflow passages of the South China Sea summer monsoon, which are related to the changes of the ecological environment in the South China Sea. Thirty-four species of conglomerate were detected in 222 samples collected from 56 stations in the upwelling area of Eastern Qiongdong and the adjacent sea area (18.09-21.47 degrees N, 110.24 degrees-116.01 degrees E) in August 2012. Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyroca were the dominant species of conglomerate. PSA oceanica, Umbellosphaera tenuis, Helicosphaera carteri, Coronsphaera Mediterranea and Discosphaera tubifera; dominant species of coccolithoids include Emliania huxleyi, Gerophysaoceanica, and Pterophyllus stout. (Algirosphaera robusta), Floriisphaera profunda and Coronosphaera mediterranea. The cell abundance ranged from 0 to 68.903 cells/L with an average value of 8.103 cells/L. From the horizontal distribution point of view, the high value areas appeared in the SEATS stations east of Hainan Island and in the ocean; the vertical distribution was mainly concentrated in the SEATS stations. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was carried out after principal component analysis (PCA) of coccolith data. The results showed that coccolith and pebble were affected by many factors. The common limiting factors were N/P and P 043-. According to the data of 56 stations in the East Indian Ocean (-5 degrees-18.05 degrees N, 79.99 degrees-113.23 degrees E) in April 2011. The dominant species were Emiliania huxleyi, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Florisphaera profunda, Umilicoipiasibogae, Algirospharobusta and He. Licosphaera carteri. the abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.26 to 376.065 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L), with an average of 41.928 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L); the abundance of pebbles ranged from 0.329 to 63.802 (x 10 ~ 3 cells / L), with an average of 12.445 (x 10 ~ 3 cells / L); and the surface abundance ranged from 0.26 to 376.065 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L) with an average of 67.513 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L) and 1.019-62 (- 62). The East Indian Ocean (- 5 degrees - 6.01 degrees N, 80 degrees - 93.99 degrees E) in April 2012 collected 200 samples of effective coccolithophyta from 30 stations, and 22 species of present-day coccolithophyta were found. The dominant species were Gephyrocap oceanica, Emiliania huxleyi, and Fl. Orisphaera profunda, Umbellosphaera irregularis and Umbilicosphaera sibogae. The abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.192 to 161.709 (x 103 COCCOLITHS / L), with an average of 22.658 (x 103 COCCOLITHS / L), and the abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.192 to 68.365 (x 103 cells / L), 9.386 (x 103 cells / L). In view of the unique natural, social and economic roles and important relationships between the South China Sea and the East Indian Ocean, the study of Coccolithophyta in the South China Sea has been compared and recognized. The oceanic and hydrological background is of great importance in the long run.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：Q948.8
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