广东水东湾红树林立地类型划分与评价
发布时间：2018-08-27 20:35
【摘要】：本文详细调查了水东湾红树林资源以及相关立地因子,通过总结与分析,对水东湾红树林滩涂进行了立地类型划分,同时采用层次分析法构建了水东湾红树林立地评价指标体系框架。本研究旨在解决目前在水东湾红树林恢复与重建上普遍存在造林成活率低,群落结构简单、造林缺乏规划,盲目性大等问题。研究结论如下：(1)全面系统的开展了水东湾红树林资源调查与分析,通过收集相关资料并进行实地调查与分析,统计出在茂名水东湾天然分布的红树植物和半红树植物主要有木榄、秋茄、桐花、白骨壤、海漆和黄槿；后经引种成功的红树植物有海桑、无瓣海桑、拉关木、水黄皮(半红树)等。目前分布面积最广的是无瓣海桑和拉关木。人工林以纯林为主。(2)首次按立地区、立地组、立地类型三级分类,建立立地分类体系,将水东湾的红树林滩涂划分为3个立地区、9个立地组和18个立地类型。(3)通过建立水东湾红树林立地评价体系,采用层次分析方法,利用各立地类型上植被的表现情况以及自身特点,进行综合评价分析,筛选出了3个较适宜的造林立地类型。结果表明：在经济、生态和社会三大效益方面排在前三位的均是中盐滩涂低潮带泥质立地类型、中盐滩涂低潮带沙质立地类型和高盐滩涂低潮带泥质立地类型,因此可以总结出以上三种立地类型为水东湾红树林较适宜的造林滩涂类型,为今后水东湾沿海滩涂防护林建设提供可靠的理论参考。(4)通过对14种典型滩涂类型试验林生长情况的跟踪调查与测定分析,并结合对水东湾现有林分生长情况、群落结构、覆盖度、更新能力等指标的野外调查结果进行综合评价分析,初步筛选出桐花树、秋茄和无瓣海桑3个树种为水东湾较适宜的困难滩涂造林树种,为下一步水东湾沿海滩涂营建防护林在树种选择方面提供了科学依据。沿海经济开发已提升到国家经济发展战略层面,当前营建及恢复海防林、保护原有红树林、共同护卫沿海生态环境尤为重要。水东湾现有红树林滩涂面积较大,本课题首先对水东湾红树林立地类型进行划分,调查水东湾红树林的群落分布类型及生长现状,建立水东湾红树林立地分析与评价体系,掌握不同立地类型红树林的营建技术,为水东湾等沿海地区红树林的恢复与营建提供技术支撑和科学依据,具有十分广阔的应用前景。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the mangrove resources and related site factors in Shuidong Bay are investigated in detail, and the site types of mangrove beach in Shuidong Bay are classified by summing up and analyzing. At the same time, the framework of evaluation index system of mangrove site in Shuidong Bay was constructed by AHP. The purpose of this study was to solve the problems of low survival rate, simple community structure, lack of planning and blindness in the restoration and reconstruction of mangrove forests in Shuidong Bay. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the investigation and analysis of mangrove resources in Shuidong Bay have been carried out in a comprehensive and systematic way. Statistics show that mangrove plants and semi-mangrove plants naturally distributed in the Maoming East Bay of Shuidong are mainly wood-tree, autumn-tomato, paulownia, white bone soil, sea lacquer and yellow hibiscus. The mangrove plants that have been successfully introduced after the introduction are sea mulberry, non-valved sea mulberry, and LaGuanmu. Water yellow bark (semimangrove), etc. At present, the most widely distributed area is the valveless sea mulberry and LaGuanmu. The artificial forest is mainly pure forest. (2) for the first time, the site classification system has been established according to the three levels of site type, site group and site type. The mangrove beach in Shuidong Bay is divided into 3 stand areas, 9 site groups and 18 site types. (3) by establishing the evaluation system of mangrove sites in Shuidong Bay, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is used. Based on the performance of vegetation and its own characteristics, three suitable afforestation site types were selected by comprehensive evaluation and analysis. The results show that the top three types of economic, ecological and social benefits are the types of muddy sites in the low tidal zone of the middle salt tidal flat, the types of sandy sites in the low tidal zone of the medium salt tidal flat and the types of the muddy sites in the low tidal zone of the high salt tidal flat. Therefore, it can be concluded that the above three site types are more suitable afforestation shoal types for mangrove forests in Shuidong Bay. It provides a reliable theoretical reference for the construction of shelterbelt along the coast of Shuidong Bay in the future. (4) through the following investigation and analysis of the growth of 14 typical types of tidal flat, and combining with the growth situation of the existing stand in Shuidong Bay, the community structure is analyzed. The field investigation results of coverage, renewal ability and other indexes were evaluated and analyzed, and three tree species, Tung Hua tree, aubergine and seagrass without petal, were preliminarily selected as suitable afforestation species in Shuidong Bay. It provides a scientific basis for the selection of tree species for the further construction of shelterbelts along the coast of Shuidong Bay. Coastal economic development has been promoted to the strategic level of national economic development. It is particularly important to build and restore coastal defense forests, protect the original mangroves and protect the coastal ecological environment together. The area of mangrove beach in Shuidong Bay is large. Firstly, the type of mangrove site in Shuidong Bay is divided, the distribution type and growth status of mangrove community in Shuidong Bay are investigated, and the analysis and evaluation system of mangrove site in Shuidong Bay is established. Mastering the construction technology of mangroves of different site types provides technical support and scientific basis for the restoration and construction of mangroves in coastal areas such as Shuidong Bay. It has a very broad application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S757
[Abstract]:In this paper, the mangrove resources and related site factors in Shuidong Bay are investigated in detail, and the site types of mangrove beach in Shuidong Bay are classified by summing up and analyzing. At the same time, the framework of evaluation index system of mangrove site in Shuidong Bay was constructed by AHP. The purpose of this study was to solve the problems of low survival rate, simple community structure, lack of planning and blindness in the restoration and reconstruction of mangrove forests in Shuidong Bay. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the investigation and analysis of mangrove resources in Shuidong Bay have been carried out in a comprehensive and systematic way. Statistics show that mangrove plants and semi-mangrove plants naturally distributed in the Maoming East Bay of Shuidong are mainly wood-tree, autumn-tomato, paulownia, white bone soil, sea lacquer and yellow hibiscus. The mangrove plants that have been successfully introduced after the introduction are sea mulberry, non-valved sea mulberry, and LaGuanmu. Water yellow bark (semimangrove), etc. At present, the most widely distributed area is the valveless sea mulberry and LaGuanmu. The artificial forest is mainly pure forest. (2) for the first time, the site classification system has been established according to the three levels of site type, site group and site type. The mangrove beach in Shuidong Bay is divided into 3 stand areas, 9 site groups and 18 site types. (3) by establishing the evaluation system of mangrove sites in Shuidong Bay, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is used. Based on the performance of vegetation and its own characteristics, three suitable afforestation site types were selected by comprehensive evaluation and analysis. The results show that the top three types of economic, ecological and social benefits are the types of muddy sites in the low tidal zone of the middle salt tidal flat, the types of sandy sites in the low tidal zone of the medium salt tidal flat and the types of the muddy sites in the low tidal zone of the high salt tidal flat. Therefore, it can be concluded that the above three site types are more suitable afforestation shoal types for mangrove forests in Shuidong Bay. It provides a reliable theoretical reference for the construction of shelterbelt along the coast of Shuidong Bay in the future. (4) through the following investigation and analysis of the growth of 14 typical types of tidal flat, and combining with the growth situation of the existing stand in Shuidong Bay, the community structure is analyzed. The field investigation results of coverage, renewal ability and other indexes were evaluated and analyzed, and three tree species, Tung Hua tree, aubergine and seagrass without petal, were preliminarily selected as suitable afforestation species in Shuidong Bay. It provides a scientific basis for the selection of tree species for the further construction of shelterbelts along the coast of Shuidong Bay. Coastal economic development has been promoted to the strategic level of national economic development. It is particularly important to build and restore coastal defense forests, protect the original mangroves and protect the coastal ecological environment together. The area of mangrove beach in Shuidong Bay is large. Firstly, the type of mangrove site in Shuidong Bay is divided, the distribution type and growth status of mangrove community in Shuidong Bay are investigated, and the analysis and evaluation system of mangrove site in Shuidong Bay is established. Mastering the construction technology of mangroves of different site types provides technical support and scientific basis for the restoration and construction of mangroves in coastal areas such as Shuidong Bay. It has a very broad application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S757
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