M中职学校学生就业期望影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-11-20 18:59

【摘要】：中等职业教育是我国高中教育阶段的一个重要组成部分,承担着培养高素质专业技能人才的重要任务。多年以来,我国中等职业教育为社会主义经济建设培养了大量具有专业理论知识、熟练操作技能和良好教育素质的劳动者。但随着市场化改革的逐步推进以及高等院校大幅扩大招生规模,面对日趋严峻的就业形势和日益激烈的就业竞争,跟大学生相比,处于就业劣势的中职毕业生,由于年龄、知识、社会经历、家庭等多方面因素的影响,有着不成熟的就业心理和期望,从而影响了他们的正常就业,加之中等职业教育体制改革还没有较好地适应新变化、新形势,中等职业学校普遍面临较大的招生和就业压力,有不少学校已经步入了窘境。但是随着中等职业教育的不断向前发展,会有越来越多的中职毕业生走向社会,成为社会主义经济建设的生力军。在这种发展与问题并存的情况下,培养和帮助学生形成合理的就业期望,促进学生实现顺利就业,就成为中等职业学校、社会和政府必须重视的问题。就业期望是人们在就业时对工资福利、工作地点、单位性质等因素的整体考量和预期,本文以M中职学校的准毕业生为研究样本,首先从基本情况、个人能力评价、就业认知和就业期望等四个方面进行了描述性统计分析。然后从客观和主观两个维度分析了潜在影响因素对薪酬福利、就业地区和就业单位性质等就业期望的影响。在客观影响因素方面,本文利用统计对比和相关性分析等方法分析了性别、专业类别、专业成绩、家庭所在地和社会实践经历等对薪酬福利、就业地区和就业单位性质等就业期望的影响,发现专业类别对M中职学校学生的就业地区期望有显著影响、专业成绩对M中职学校学生的就业单位性质期望有显著影响,其他客观因素对就业期望均无明显影响。在主观因素方面,本文利用因子分析和回归分析等方法分析了M中职学校学生的个人能力评价和就业认知对就业期望的影响,发现M中职学校学生的个人能力评价对就业单位性质期望有显著影响,而就业认知对就业期望无明显影响。最后,基于结论提出了改善中职学校学生就业期望的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Secondary vocational education is an important part of high school education in our country. For many years, China's secondary vocational education has trained a large number of workers with professional theoretical knowledge, skilled operation skills and good educational quality for socialist economic construction. However, with the gradual promotion of market-oriented reform and the substantial expansion of enrollment in colleges and universities, faced with the increasingly severe employment situation and the increasingly fierce employment competition, compared with college students, secondary vocational school graduates who are at a disadvantage in employment, because of their age, The influence of many factors, such as knowledge, social experience, family and so on, has had immature psychology and expectation of employment, which has affected their normal employment. In addition, the reform of the secondary vocational education system has not adapted well to the new changes and the new situation. Secondary vocational schools generally face greater recruitment and employment pressure, many schools have entered a difficult situation. But with the continuous development of secondary vocational education, more and more secondary vocational school graduates will go to the society and become the new force of socialist economic construction. Under the condition that this kind of development coexists with problems, cultivating and helping students to form reasonable employment expectation and promoting students to obtain employment smoothly becomes a problem that the society and government must pay attention to. Employment expectation is the overall consideration and expectation of the factors such as salary, welfare, workplace, unit nature and so on. This paper takes the prospective graduates of secondary vocational school in M as the research sample, first of all, from the basic situation, individual ability evaluation. The employment cognition and employment expectation are analyzed in four aspects. Then it analyzes the influence of potential influencing factors on employment expectation from objective and subjective aspects such as salary and welfare, employment area and nature of employment unit. In terms of objective influencing factors, this paper analyzes the effects of gender, professional category, professional achievement, family location and social practice on salary and welfare by means of statistical comparison and correlation analysis. The influence of employment expectation, such as the nature of employment area and the nature of employment unit, shows that the category of major has a significant influence on the expectation of employment area of students in secondary vocational school, and the professional achievement has a significant effect on the expectation of nature of employment unit of students in secondary school of M vocational school. Other objective factors have no obvious influence on employment expectation. In terms of subjective factors, this paper uses factor analysis and regression analysis methods to analyze the impact of students' personal ability evaluation and employment cognition on employment expectations. It is found that the evaluation of students' personal ability has a significant influence on the expectation of the nature of the employment unit, but the employment cognition has no obvious effect on the expectation of employment. Finally, based on the conclusion, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to improve the students' expectation of employment in secondary vocational schools.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G717.38

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