辽宁省高等教育空间差异分析
发布时间：2018-12-14 17:47
【摘要】：2014年以来辽宁省经济增长速度大幅下降,人才流失问题严峻,人口结构恶化,在产业结构升级转型、创新驱动、开放力度等方面,辽宁省已位于全国落后水平。辽宁省现阶段经济、社会情况与建国初期的"盛世"阶段不可同日而语。改革开放近四十年,辽宁省曾经抓住了这一黄金时期,在经济建设和社会事业上均取得了长足的进步。作为振兴东北老工业基地的关键一环,若要改变当前经济落后局面,实现产业结构转型、发展新兴产业,还应继续响应"科教兴省"战略,把目光着眼于教育、尤其高等教育事业的发展上来,使高等教育适度超前于经济的发展,依靠高等教育的产出带动经济的复苏,进而培养出更多经济发展所需要的高素质人才,促使高等教育和经济发展进入良性循环,减少人才外流带来的损失,政府才能有更多的空间和精力扶持新兴产业。学术界对于高等教育的研究,主要借助于变异系数、基尼系数、泰尔指数、区位商等传统方法,这些研究方法缺乏空间视角,假设空间是相互独立的,所有要素在区域之间可以达到完全的流动,或者忽略要素流动的空间因素,只是单纯的对数据进行统计分析,而忽略了在资源配置过程中空间因素的重要作用。较之传统方法来说,ESDA探索性空间数据始终将空间地理因素考虑在内,通过建立空间权重矩阵,将辽宁省高等教育空间自相关关系可视化,可以使问题、缺陷一目了然地突显出来,具有明显的优越性。本文从辽宁省高等教育的空间差异入手,基于空间视角,结合传统指标和探索性空间数据分析方法对辽宁省高等教育资源分布现状进行深入探索,从数量、质量和经费投入三个方面选取指标,利用极值标准化方法对上述三个维度的指标进行无量纲化整合处理,建立了高等教育资源优化配置的评价指标体系。在此基础上通过SPSS聚类分析、绝对值和变异系数、全局空间自相关检验、局部空间自相关检验,探寻辽宁省高等教育资源分布现状,找出辽宁省高等教育资源配置存在的问题及原因,从而提出相应的政策建议,以期辽宁省高等教育发展能够发扬优势弥补劣势,更加适应经济社会发展的需要。首先由辽宁省高等教育环境和发展现状出发,对辽宁省经济实力和高等教育基本情况进行了总体概述,使读者对辽宁省三大经济区的高等教育分布有了初步了解。以此为基础,对辽宁省高等教育和经济情况进行了聚类分析,探究辽宁省高等教育与经济是否做到了 "联动"发展。通过对辽宁省高等教育整体情况的把握,进而采用变异系数的方法,从辽宁省高等教育的绝对数指标、各分项指标、综合指标三个方面对高等教育资源的分布差异进行了初步探索。同时,鉴于传统指标的缺陷,本文借助于ESDA探索性空间数据的方法,对辽宁省高等教育空间分布的集聚情况进行了可视化描述。由传统指标到空间分析方法、由辽宁省高等教育整体情况到辽宁省高等教育内部差异,形成了辽宁省高等教育空间差异研究的逻辑体系和整体架构。经过实证研究发现,辽宁省高等教育空间差异呈现整体缩小的趋势,但内部差异很大,沈阳、大连高等教育发展水平最好,其余城市高等教育发展水平较为落后,与沈阳和大连差距较大。基于ESDA方法的分析,可以看出高等教育资源在辽宁省内部的流动,呈现出明显的极化效应,从空间角度解释了造成辽宁省高等教育发展差异的原因。鉴于高等教育的特殊性,本文进一步从政策、经济、人文历史、区位等方面分析了原因,并提出加强政策干预、建立高等教育次增长极等建议。在辽宁省高等教育的研究视角和方法上,本文采用极值标准化构建高等教育指标评价体系,将传统指标和空间方法结合,引入辽宁省高等教育,为区域高等教育的研究提供了新的视角,有一定的理论创新。本文的不足之处在于分项指标数量较少,而且省域高等教育数据的获取只能通过教育统计年鉴,但教育统计年鉴又存在更新速度较慢和保存方法不合理的问题,造成了很多年份的教育数据缺失,难以进行辽宁省高等教育水平纵向对比。
[Abstract]:Since 2014, the economic growth rate of Liaoning Province has dropped significantly, the problem of brain drain is serious, the structure of the population is deteriorated, and the Liaoning province has been in the backward level of the country in terms of industrial structure upgrading transformation, innovation driving and opening force. The current economic, social situation in Liaoning province and the "to be in the middle of the world" phase of the initial stage of the founding of the People's Republic of China can't be the same as that in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. In the last four decades of the reform and opening-up, Liaoning province has seized the golden age, and made great progress in economic construction and social development. As a key to the revitalization of the old industrial base of the northeast, if the current economic backwardness situation is to be changed, the transformation of the industrial structure and the development of emerging industries should be realized, and the "Kotuxing, Prov.de" strategy should be continued to focus on the development of the education, especially the higher education, The higher education should lead to the development of the economy, and the output of higher education will drive the recovery of the economy, and further develop the high-quality talents needed for the more economic development, and promote the high education and the economic development to enter a virtuous circle and reduce the loss caused by the brain drain. The government will have more space and energy to support emerging industries. The research of higher education mainly means the traditional methods such as the coefficient of variation, the Gini coefficient, the Terre index and the regional quotient. or the spatial factors of the flow of the elements are neglected, only the data is statistically analyzed, and the important role of the space factors in the process of resource allocation is ignored. Compared with the traditional method, the ESDA exploratory spatial data has always taken into account the spatial geographical factors, and through the establishment of the spatial weight matrix, the spatial autocorrelation relation of the higher education space in Liaoning Province can be visualized, so that the problem and the defect can be highlighted at a glance and have obvious advantages. Based on the spatial difference of higher education in Liaoning province, this paper makes an in-depth exploration of the current situation of the distribution of higher education resources in Liaoning province, based on the spatial perspective, combining the traditional index and the exploratory spatial data analysis method, and selecting the index from the three aspects: quantity, quality and funds. The index system of the optimal allocation of higher education resources is set up by the non-dimensional integration of the indexes of the three dimensions by using the extreme value standardization method. On the basis of this, by using SPSS cluster analysis, absolute value and coefficient of variation, global space self-correlation test and local space self-correlation test, the present situation of the distribution of higher education resources in Liaoning province is explored, and the problems and causes of resource allocation in higher education in Liaoning province are found out. Therefore, the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward, with the hope that the development of higher education in Liaoning province can carry forward the advantages to make up for the disadvantage and adapt to the needs of economic and social development. Based on the current situation of higher education in Liaoning province and the current situation of the development of higher education in Liaoning province, the author gives a general overview of the economic strength and the basic situation of higher education in Liaoning province, so that the readers have a preliminary understanding of the distribution of higher education in the three-major economic zone in Liaoning province. Based on this, the paper analyses the higher education and the economic situation of Liaoning province, and probes into whether the higher education and economy of Liaoning province have achieved the "linkage" development. By grasping the overall situation of higher education in Liaoning province, and then using the method of coefficient of variation, the distribution of higher education resources is explored in three aspects: the absolute number of higher education in Liaoning province, the index of each sub-item and the comprehensive index. At the same time, in view of the defect of the traditional index, this paper makes a visual description of the agglomeration of the spatial distribution of higher education in Liaoning province with the aid of the method of ESDA exploratory spatial data. From the traditional index to the spatial analysis method, the overall situation of higher education in Liaoning province and the internal difference of higher education in Liaoning province form the logical system and the whole structure of the study on the space difference of higher education in Liaoning province. The empirical study shows that the spatial difference of higher education in Liaoning Province is the trend of overall reduction, but the internal difference is great. The development level of higher education in Shenyang and Dalian is the best, and the development level of higher education in other cities is relatively backward, and the gap between Shenyang and Dalian is larger. Based on the analysis of the ESDA method, it can be seen that the flow of higher education resources in the Liaoning province shows a significant polarization effect, and the reasons for the difference in the development of higher education in Liaoning province are explained from the spatial point of view. In view of the particularity of higher education, this paper analyzes the reasons from the aspects of policy, economy, human history, location and so on, and puts forward some suggestions to strengthen the policy intervention and establish the secondary growth pole of higher education. In view of the research angle and method of higher education in Liaoning province, this paper adopts the extreme value standardization to construct the index system of higher education, combines the traditional index with the space method, introduces the higher education in Liaoning province, and provides a new perspective for the research of regional higher education, and has a certain theoretical innovation. The disadvantage of this paper is that the number of sub-items is small, and the acquisition of higher education data in the provincial domain can only be passed through the educational statistics yearbook, but the educational statistics yearbook has the problem that the updating rate is slow and the preservation method is not reasonable, resulting in the lack of educational data in many years, It is difficult to compare the level of higher education in Liaoning province.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G649.2
本文编号：2379047
[Abstract]:Since 2014, the economic growth rate of Liaoning Province has dropped significantly, the problem of brain drain is serious, the structure of the population is deteriorated, and the Liaoning province has been in the backward level of the country in terms of industrial structure upgrading transformation, innovation driving and opening force. The current economic, social situation in Liaoning province and the "to be in the middle of the world" phase of the initial stage of the founding of the People's Republic of China can't be the same as that in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. In the last four decades of the reform and opening-up, Liaoning province has seized the golden age, and made great progress in economic construction and social development. As a key to the revitalization of the old industrial base of the northeast, if the current economic backwardness situation is to be changed, the transformation of the industrial structure and the development of emerging industries should be realized, and the "Kotuxing, Prov.de" strategy should be continued to focus on the development of the education, especially the higher education, The higher education should lead to the development of the economy, and the output of higher education will drive the recovery of the economy, and further develop the high-quality talents needed for the more economic development, and promote the high education and the economic development to enter a virtuous circle and reduce the loss caused by the brain drain. The government will have more space and energy to support emerging industries. The research of higher education mainly means the traditional methods such as the coefficient of variation, the Gini coefficient, the Terre index and the regional quotient. or the spatial factors of the flow of the elements are neglected, only the data is statistically analyzed, and the important role of the space factors in the process of resource allocation is ignored. Compared with the traditional method, the ESDA exploratory spatial data has always taken into account the spatial geographical factors, and through the establishment of the spatial weight matrix, the spatial autocorrelation relation of the higher education space in Liaoning Province can be visualized, so that the problem and the defect can be highlighted at a glance and have obvious advantages. Based on the spatial difference of higher education in Liaoning province, this paper makes an in-depth exploration of the current situation of the distribution of higher education resources in Liaoning province, based on the spatial perspective, combining the traditional index and the exploratory spatial data analysis method, and selecting the index from the three aspects: quantity, quality and funds. The index system of the optimal allocation of higher education resources is set up by the non-dimensional integration of the indexes of the three dimensions by using the extreme value standardization method. On the basis of this, by using SPSS cluster analysis, absolute value and coefficient of variation, global space self-correlation test and local space self-correlation test, the present situation of the distribution of higher education resources in Liaoning province is explored, and the problems and causes of resource allocation in higher education in Liaoning province are found out. Therefore, the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward, with the hope that the development of higher education in Liaoning province can carry forward the advantages to make up for the disadvantage and adapt to the needs of economic and social development. Based on the current situation of higher education in Liaoning province and the current situation of the development of higher education in Liaoning province, the author gives a general overview of the economic strength and the basic situation of higher education in Liaoning province, so that the readers have a preliminary understanding of the distribution of higher education in the three-major economic zone in Liaoning province. Based on this, the paper analyses the higher education and the economic situation of Liaoning province, and probes into whether the higher education and economy of Liaoning province have achieved the "linkage" development. By grasping the overall situation of higher education in Liaoning province, and then using the method of coefficient of variation, the distribution of higher education resources is explored in three aspects: the absolute number of higher education in Liaoning province, the index of each sub-item and the comprehensive index. At the same time, in view of the defect of the traditional index, this paper makes a visual description of the agglomeration of the spatial distribution of higher education in Liaoning province with the aid of the method of ESDA exploratory spatial data. From the traditional index to the spatial analysis method, the overall situation of higher education in Liaoning province and the internal difference of higher education in Liaoning province form the logical system and the whole structure of the study on the space difference of higher education in Liaoning province. The empirical study shows that the spatial difference of higher education in Liaoning Province is the trend of overall reduction, but the internal difference is great. The development level of higher education in Shenyang and Dalian is the best, and the development level of higher education in other cities is relatively backward, and the gap between Shenyang and Dalian is larger. Based on the analysis of the ESDA method, it can be seen that the flow of higher education resources in the Liaoning province shows a significant polarization effect, and the reasons for the difference in the development of higher education in Liaoning province are explained from the spatial point of view. In view of the particularity of higher education, this paper analyzes the reasons from the aspects of policy, economy, human history, location and so on, and puts forward some suggestions to strengthen the policy intervention and establish the secondary growth pole of higher education. In view of the research angle and method of higher education in Liaoning province, this paper adopts the extreme value standardization to construct the index system of higher education, combines the traditional index with the space method, introduces the higher education in Liaoning province, and provides a new perspective for the research of regional higher education, and has a certain theoretical innovation. The disadvantage of this paper is that the number of sub-items is small, and the acquisition of higher education data in the provincial domain can only be passed through the educational statistics yearbook, but the educational statistics yearbook has the problem that the updating rate is slow and the preservation method is not reasonable, resulting in the lack of educational data in many years, It is difficult to compare the level of higher education in Liaoning province.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G649.2
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