中国与波兰经贸关系研究—波兰企业在中国面临的挑战和障碍
发布时间：2019-03-09 19:23
【摘要】：在最近二十年来,全球贸易和投资经历了快速发展,这就是所谓的全球化现象。全球化的一个重要特点,即国家与地区间的相互影响比过去更为深远。当前全球社会、政治、文化及经济的高度交流与相互融合,这在四十年前是完全不可想象的。国家间的经济贸易关系有这样巨大的改变是从1990年开始的。这种改变从中国与波兰的经贸关系发展中即可见一斑。尽管中国经济是在1978年实施经济政策改革后才开始成长,1990年后开始大幅成长(Ratajczyk,2013),但在过去25年中,中国在国际贸易上扮演的更加重要的角色是其经济快速成长的重要原因。中国在经济改革政策的框架下开展进出口贸易,鼓励投资海外,从而已经发展成为世界贸易网络的主要博弈者之一。波兰已与世界贸易的机会接轨。而实际上这一举措使波兰成为欧洲投资者的吸睛焦点之一(Ratajczyk,2013)。中国同波兰建立了双边贸易关系,促成了彼此间过去15年来大量的贸易及投资增长。就贸易总额和进口量来看,中华人民共和国目前是波兰最大的亚洲生意伙伴。过去数年来,中波贸易额每年皆超过30亿美元并且在不断成长中。然而相对于波兰,中国似乎从中波双边贸易关系中获得了更大的利益。这意味着我们有必要就这两个国家各自如何发展贸易进行深入的研究。本论文的研究目的是分析波兰与中国的贸易和投资关系。为了达成研究目的,研究分析了中波贸易关系的三个方面。第一是2004年到2013年间中波贸易(出口、进口及国际收支)的资料；第二是2012年中国与波兰的主要交易产品；第三是2004年到2011年间累计的中波外商直接投资。研究结果支持一个假设：中波双方订定的贸易关系在较大程度上更有利于中国。如果政府机构和其他地方机构能对向中国出口的波兰企业提供更多的支持,那么中波之间的贸易平衡就会得到极大程度的恢复。作者收集了38家公司的调查结果,显示其主要的合作领域、期待、障碍及波兰投资者进入中国市场时必定会面临的难题。研究结果证明了波兰公司面临重大问题并且需要得到经济贸易政策方面的支持的假设。论文分为四大部分。第一章对中华人民共和国的概况进行了介绍。其中包含地理环境、政治体制、行政区划及境内居住人口结构的资料。同时也介绍了中国经济的情况,特别是对能给中波贸易有重大影响的行业领域做了重点介绍,例如：农业、机械行业、纺织业及冶金业。第二章的主题为中波贸易关系的形成。此章分为三部分,其中前两部分分两个阶段介绍了两国之间进出口商品的数量与结构,即波兰加入欧盟前与加入欧盟后。第三部分为对上述中波两国合作关系的讨论与小结。接下来,第三章着重探讨了波兰公司与中国的合作前景。在此将提出作者以”中国对于波兰企业及波兰在中国的公司”意味着什么为切入角度做出的调查结果,在第三部分中将详述波兰与中国企业间合作的特色及评价。最后,第四章是关于波兰企业与中方合作时出现的问题的研究结果。系统分析了波兰公司进军中国市场时所遇到的障碍以及这些公司可以接受什么样的协助支持,找寻出路,克服这些障碍。论文中使用的研究资料来自作者对波兰企业的问卷调查结果及文献档案。特别重要的书目条目有：Andrzeja Bolesty, Chiny w okresie transformacji:reformy systemowe, polityka rozwojowa i panstwowa przedsiebiorstwa autorstwa 以及 Kazimierz Starzyk, Przemiany gospodarcze Chinskiej Republiki Ludowej w procesie reform.为了取得中国政治及经济情况的最新讯息,资料采集来源也使用了网路讯息如：Ambasada RzeczDOSDolitei Polskiei w Pekinie(波兰共和国驻华大使馆)和Departament Analiz i Prognoz Ministerstwa Gospodarki Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej的网站,从中汲取的乃是最新的统计资料。
[Abstract]:In the last two decades, global trade and investment have experienced rapid development, which is the so-called globalization phenomenon. An important feature of globalization is that the interaction between the country and the region is far more far-reaching than in the past. The current global, political, cultural and economic level of communication and integration is totally unimaginable in four decades. There is such a great change in the relationship between countries in economic and trade relations, starting in 1990. This change is a spot in the development of economic and trade relations between China and Poland. Although the Chinese economy started to grow after the reform of the economic policy in 1978, it began to grow significantly after 1990 (Ratajczyk,2013), but in the last 25 years, China's more important role in international trade is an important reason for its rapid growth. China has developed the import and export trade under the framework of the policy of economic reform, and encourages the investment of overseas, so that it has become one of the major contributors to the world trade network. Poland is in line with the opportunities of world trade. In fact, the move has made Poland one of the eyes of European investors (Ratajczyk,2013). China has established a bilateral trade relationship with Poland, which has led to a great deal of trade and investment growth over the past 15 years. In terms of total trade and import, the People's Republic of China is currently the largest Asian business partner in Poland. Over the past few years, the volume of medium-wave trade has exceeded $3 billion a year and is growing. However, with respect to Poland, China appears to have gained greater benefits from its bilateral trade relations. This means that there is a need for an in-depth study of how the two countries will develop their trade. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the trade and investment relationship between Poland and China. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the three aspects of the relationship between medium and medium-wave trade have been analyzed. The first is the information on the medium-wave trade (export, import and balance of payments) between 2004 and 2013; the second is the main trading products of China and Poland in 2012; and the third is the accumulated medium-wave foreign direct investment between 2004 and 2011. The results of the study support a hypothesis that the trade relationship established by the medium-wave and medium-wave is more conducive to China. If government agencies and other local institutions are able to provide more support to Polish companies that export to China, the trade balance between medium-and medium-wave will be restored to a great extent. The authors have collected the results of the 38 companies, showing the main areas of cooperation, expectations, obstacles and the challenges that the Polish investors are bound to face when they enter the Chinese market. The results of the study demonstrated that the Polish company faced significant problems and needed support from the economic and trade policy. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first chapter introduces the general situation of the People's Republic of China. It contains information on the geographical environment, political system, administrative division and the structure of resident population in China. At the same time, the situation of China's economy is also introduced, especially in the field of the industry that can have a major impact on medium-wave trade, such as agriculture, machinery industry, textile industry and metallurgical industry. The second chapter is the formation of medium-wave trade relations. This chapter is divided into three parts, in which the first two parts introduce the quantity and structure of the import and export commodities between the two countries, that is, after joining the EU and joining the EU. The third part is the discussion and summary of the cooperation between the two countries. The third chapter focuses on the prospects of the cooperation between the Polish company and China. This will present the author's findings on what China means to the Polish and Polish companies in China. In the third part, the characteristics and the evaluation of the cooperation between Poland and China will be described in detail. Finally, the fourth chapter is the results of the research on the problems of the Polish enterprises and the Chinese side. This is a systematic analysis of the obstacles encountered by the Polish company in the Chinese market, as well as the kind of assistance they can accept, to find a way out and to overcome them. The research data used in the paper are from the author's questionnaire results and the literature files of the Polish enterprises. The most important bibliographic entries are: Andrzeja Bolesty, Chiny w okresie transformacji: reformsystemoe, polityka rozowojowa i panstwaa przedosibiorstwa autostwa, and Kazimierz Starzyk, Przemiany gaosdarecze Chinskij Reubliki Ludwiej w Prosecie reform. In order to obtain the most up-to-date information on the political and economic situation in China, the source of data collection also uses web-based information such as: Ambasada RzeczDOSDolitei Polskie w Pekinie (the Embassy of the Republic of Poland in China) and the website of the Dearament Analiz i Prognoz Ministerstwa Gospodarki Rzeczpospoltej Polskij, which is the latest statistics.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F752.7
[Abstract]:In the last two decades, global trade and investment have experienced rapid development, which is the so-called globalization phenomenon. An important feature of globalization is that the interaction between the country and the region is far more far-reaching than in the past. The current global, political, cultural and economic level of communication and integration is totally unimaginable in four decades. There is such a great change in the relationship between countries in economic and trade relations, starting in 1990. This change is a spot in the development of economic and trade relations between China and Poland. Although the Chinese economy started to grow after the reform of the economic policy in 1978, it began to grow significantly after 1990 (Ratajczyk,2013), but in the last 25 years, China's more important role in international trade is an important reason for its rapid growth. China has developed the import and export trade under the framework of the policy of economic reform, and encourages the investment of overseas, so that it has become one of the major contributors to the world trade network. Poland is in line with the opportunities of world trade. In fact, the move has made Poland one of the eyes of European investors (Ratajczyk,2013). China has established a bilateral trade relationship with Poland, which has led to a great deal of trade and investment growth over the past 15 years. In terms of total trade and import, the People's Republic of China is currently the largest Asian business partner in Poland. Over the past few years, the volume of medium-wave trade has exceeded $3 billion a year and is growing. However, with respect to Poland, China appears to have gained greater benefits from its bilateral trade relations. This means that there is a need for an in-depth study of how the two countries will develop their trade. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the trade and investment relationship between Poland and China. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the three aspects of the relationship between medium and medium-wave trade have been analyzed. The first is the information on the medium-wave trade (export, import and balance of payments) between 2004 and 2013; the second is the main trading products of China and Poland in 2012; and the third is the accumulated medium-wave foreign direct investment between 2004 and 2011. The results of the study support a hypothesis that the trade relationship established by the medium-wave and medium-wave is more conducive to China. If government agencies and other local institutions are able to provide more support to Polish companies that export to China, the trade balance between medium-and medium-wave will be restored to a great extent. The authors have collected the results of the 38 companies, showing the main areas of cooperation, expectations, obstacles and the challenges that the Polish investors are bound to face when they enter the Chinese market. The results of the study demonstrated that the Polish company faced significant problems and needed support from the economic and trade policy. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first chapter introduces the general situation of the People's Republic of China. It contains information on the geographical environment, political system, administrative division and the structure of resident population in China. At the same time, the situation of China's economy is also introduced, especially in the field of the industry that can have a major impact on medium-wave trade, such as agriculture, machinery industry, textile industry and metallurgical industry. The second chapter is the formation of medium-wave trade relations. This chapter is divided into three parts, in which the first two parts introduce the quantity and structure of the import and export commodities between the two countries, that is, after joining the EU and joining the EU. The third part is the discussion and summary of the cooperation between the two countries. The third chapter focuses on the prospects of the cooperation between the Polish company and China. This will present the author's findings on what China means to the Polish and Polish companies in China. In the third part, the characteristics and the evaluation of the cooperation between Poland and China will be described in detail. Finally, the fourth chapter is the results of the research on the problems of the Polish enterprises and the Chinese side. This is a systematic analysis of the obstacles encountered by the Polish company in the Chinese market, as well as the kind of assistance they can accept, to find a way out and to overcome them. The research data used in the paper are from the author's questionnaire results and the literature files of the Polish enterprises. The most important bibliographic entries are: Andrzeja Bolesty, Chiny w okresie transformacji: reformsystemoe, polityka rozowojowa i panstwaa przedosibiorstwa autostwa, and Kazimierz Starzyk, Przemiany gaosdarecze Chinskij Reubliki Ludwiej w Prosecie reform. In order to obtain the most up-to-date information on the political and economic situation in China, the source of data collection also uses web-based information such as: Ambasada RzeczDOSDolitei Polskie w Pekinie (the Embassy of the Republic of Poland in China) and the website of the Dearament Analiz i Prognoz Ministerstwa Gospodarki Rzeczpospoltej Polskij, which is the latest statistics.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F752.7
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