黄山市茶叶种植户参与产业纵向协作模式的影响因素研究
发布时间：2019-07-07 19:40
【摘要】：黄山市茶叶产业对于黄山市经济发展有着十分重要的作用。经过多年经营,黄山市茶叶产业有了很大发展,但是黄山市茶叶产业的长期快速发展也遇到了一些瓶颈:例如产业链上的各个环节之间链接比较松散以及利益链条相对不稳定等问题。从茶叶销售来看,还有比例为40.32%的茶叶种植户由于未能和茶叶加工/经销企业之间产生良性互动,无法建立紧密的合作关系,从而他们通常采取市场交易的模式销售自己的茶叶。这不仅导致茶叶企业对优质原料的获取具有不确定性,也使得消费者在现有的茶叶市场中通过有效渠道获取优质茶叶的品质无法保证,这与国内外茶叶市场对优质茶叶不断上涨的需求和茶叶种植户们渴望增收致富的意愿是相违背的。同时,茶叶种植户对于市场上有效信息的获取具有局限性和滞后性,他们无法正确评估当前市场,以及不能准确预测未来市场的供需状况,其抵御风险的能力很低,这就导致茶叶种植户的收入没有保障。要想完善这些情况,位于茶产业链上的各个生产主体,就必须通过建立紧密的合作关系来解决,进行茶叶产业纵向协作模式的管理与优化升级,使茶叶种植户更多的参与到紧密的纵向协作方式中来。本文是在产业链的框架下,以交易成本理论、生产者行为理论和纵向协作理论为理论基础,并结合茶叶的特殊性以及茶叶种植户的信任因素,对茶叶种植户在销售环节参与纵向协作模式的影响因素进行研究。论文采用文献调查法、问卷调查法、定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法以及规范研究和实证研究相结合的方法,选取种植户的性别、年龄、文化程度、茶叶种植的面积、家庭收入情况、对待风险的态度等21项指标制成调查问卷。在黄山市进行实地调研,对调研所得数据进行统计分析,并利用Logistic回归数理模型对这些数据进行实证分析,然后再对Logistic模型的拟合情况,利用ROC曲线进行检验,进而得出相关结论。通过对黄山市进行的实地调研,发现黄山市茶叶种植户在销售环节参与纵向协作模式的主要表现为:从事茶叶生产的种植户年龄集中在中老年,且他们的受教育程度普遍较低,受过高等教育的人数就更少,但随着新闻传播媒介的迅速发展,茶叶种植户对政策文件和市场信息都有了一定的了解。市场交易的纵向协作模式较为常见,其所占比例为40.32%,混合的合同协作模式占比最大占到总数的56.45%,而纵向一体化模式已经出现但是占比依旧较小仅占3.23%。其中91.12%的茶叶种植户表示都能及时的把茶叶产品销售出去,且40.32%的茶叶种植户选择低等级的市场交易模式,56.45%的人会选择混合的合同生产模式,只有3.2%的茶叶种植户参与的是最紧密的垂直一体化的协作方式。这其中对于参与的协作方式不满意的主要集中在市场交易方式,参与市场交易协作模式的种植户对当前协作模式的不满意率高达38%。另外通过调查统计发现,不能及时将茶叶产品(鲜茶叶以及干茶)销售出去的茶叶种植户也主要集中在选择市场交易的种植户中,占到他们人数的18%。通过对调研数据进行Logistic回归分析,得出茶叶种植户的受教育程度、茶叶种植面积、获得资金支持的难易程度、获得市场信息的难易程度对种植户选择是否参与高等级的纵向协作方式具有显著的正向影响;买方价格高这个因素对于种植户选择是否参与高等级的纵向协作方式具有显著的负向影响。性别、年龄、对待风险的态度、茶叶种植户对政府指导性文件与相关政策的了解程度、茶叶收入占家庭年收入比例、家庭年收入和家庭总开支之间的情况、种植用地来源、买方付款及时/预付定金、买方信誉好、买方是熟人/亲戚、获得加工技术的难易程度、茶叶产品保存的难易程度和销售过程中可能损失的多少这些因素对选择协作方式的影响则是不显著的。ROC曲线验证,其曲线下面积为0.969,大于0.9,说明Logistic回归模型的拟合度较好。在此研究的基础上,本文对优化黄山市茶叶产业纵向协作模式提出了如下几点建议:第一、加强茶叶种植户的基础教育,提高其业务素质;第二、鼓励更多的年轻人回乡从事茶叶种植工作,促进当地茶叶产业从业人员年龄结构的年轻化;第三、努力促使当地茶叶产业的规模化;第四、政府和企业应该加大对茶叶生产的资金、技术投入,同时加大信息发布和信息共享平台建设;第五、政府在制定一些政策法规的同时也应该实施一定的茶叶价格保护制度,进一步有力的保障茶叶种植户的收入。
文内图片：
图片说明：技术路线图
[Abstract]:The tea industry in Huangshan city plays an important role in the economic development of Huangshan City. After many years of operation, the tea industry in Huangshan City has developed greatly, but the long-term rapid development of the tea industry in the city of Huangshan also has a number of bottlenecks, such as the loose links between links in the industrial chain and the relative instability of the chain of interest. In terms of tea sales, there are still 40.32% of the tea growers, who are not able to create a close partnership because of the failure to create a benign interaction between the tea processing/ distribution enterprises, so that they usually sell their own tea in a market-trading mode. The method not only leads to the uncertainty of the acquisition of the high-quality raw materials by the tea enterprises, but also enables the consumers to obtain the quality of the high-quality tea through the effective channels in the existing tea market, and the quality of the tea is not guaranteed, This is contrary to the demand of the tea market at home and abroad on the rising demand of high-quality tea and the desire of the tea growers to increase their income. At the same time, the availability of effective information in the market is limited and lagging. They can't evaluate the current market correctly and can't accurately predict the supply and demand of the future market, and the ability to resist the risk is very low, which leads to the lack of guarantee of the income of the tea growers. In order to improve these conditions, the main production subjects in the tea industry chain must be solved through the establishment of a close cooperation relationship, and the management and optimization of the longitudinal cooperation model of the tea industry should be carried out, so that the tea planting households can participate more in the close vertical cooperation mode. In this paper, under the framework of the industrial chain, based on the theory of transaction cost, the theory of producer behavior and the theory of longitudinal cooperation, and the particularity of the tea and the trust factor of the tea plantation, The paper studies the influencing factors of the participation of the tea planting households in the vertical cooperation mode in the sales process. The paper adopts the method of combining the literature investigation, the questionnaire, the qualitative analysis and the quantitative analysis, and the method of the combination of the normative research and the empirical study, and selects the sex, the age, the culture degree, the area of the tea planting, the household income, 21 indicators, such as the attitude to risk, were made into the questionnaire. In the field investigation in Huangshan City, the data obtained from the investigation were analyzed and the data were analyzed by Logistic regression mathematical model, then the fitting of the Logistic model was analyzed, and the ROC curve was used to test the data, and the relevant conclusions were obtained. Through the on-the-spot investigation of Huangshan City, it is found that the main performance of the participation of the tea plantation in Huangshan City in the longitudinal cooperation mode is as follows: the age of the planting households engaged in the tea production is concentrated in the middle-aged and the elderly, and the degree of education is generally lower, and the number of people with higher education is less, But with the rapid development of the news media, the tea growers have a certain understanding of the policy documents and market information. The vertical cooperation model of the market transaction is more common, the proportion of which is 40.32%, the mixed-contract cooperation mode accounts for 56.45% of the total, while the vertical integration mode has emerged, accounting for 3.23%. in which, 91.12% of the tea growers are able to sell the tea products in time, and 40.32% of the tea growers choose the low-grade market trading mode, 56.45% of the people choose the mixed contract production mode, Only 3.2 per cent of tea growers are involved in the most compact, vertical and integrated approach. Among them, in the mode of market transaction, the dissatisfaction rate of the co-operation mode of participating in the market transaction is as high as 38% for the current collaboration mode. In addition, according to the survey, the tea-planting households that can't sell the tea products (fresh tea and dry tea) in time are mainly concentrated in the farmers who choose the market transaction, accounting for 18% of their number. Through the logistic regression analysis of the research data, it is concluded that the degree of education, the area of the tea planting, the difficulty of obtaining the fund support and the difficulty of obtaining the market information have a significant positive effect on whether to participate in the high-level longitudinal cooperation mode. The high price of the buyer has a significant negative effect on the choice of the farmer to participate in the high-level longitudinal collaboration. The attitude of sex, age, treatment risk, the degree of understanding of the government guidance document and related policies, the income of the tea in the household income proportion, the household annual income and the total household expenses, the source of planting land, the buyer's payment in time/ down payment, The buyer's reputation is good, the buyer is an acquaintance/ relative, the difficulty of obtaining the processing technology, the difficulty of the tea product preservation and how many of the factors that may be lost during the sales process are not obvious to the selection of the cooperation mode. The ROC curve shows that the area of the curve is 0.969, which is greater than 0.9, which indicates that the fitting degree of the Logistic regression model is good. On the basis of this study, this paper puts forward the following suggestions for optimizing the vertical cooperation model of the tea industry in Huangshan City: first, to strengthen the basic education of the tea planting households and to improve their professional quality; and secondly, to encourage more young people to return to the township for the tea planting work. To promote the younger generation of the age structure of the local tea industry practitioners, and thirdly, to promote the scale of the local tea industry; and fourthly, the government and the enterprises should increase the financial and technical input of the tea production, and also increase the construction of the information distribution and information sharing platform; and fifthly, The government should also implement a certain system of tea price protection in the development of some policies and regulations, and further strengthen the income of tea planting households.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F326.6;F326.12
本文编号：2511395
文内图片：
图片说明：技术路线图
[Abstract]:The tea industry in Huangshan city plays an important role in the economic development of Huangshan City. After many years of operation, the tea industry in Huangshan City has developed greatly, but the long-term rapid development of the tea industry in the city of Huangshan also has a number of bottlenecks, such as the loose links between links in the industrial chain and the relative instability of the chain of interest. In terms of tea sales, there are still 40.32% of the tea growers, who are not able to create a close partnership because of the failure to create a benign interaction between the tea processing/ distribution enterprises, so that they usually sell their own tea in a market-trading mode. The method not only leads to the uncertainty of the acquisition of the high-quality raw materials by the tea enterprises, but also enables the consumers to obtain the quality of the high-quality tea through the effective channels in the existing tea market, and the quality of the tea is not guaranteed, This is contrary to the demand of the tea market at home and abroad on the rising demand of high-quality tea and the desire of the tea growers to increase their income. At the same time, the availability of effective information in the market is limited and lagging. They can't evaluate the current market correctly and can't accurately predict the supply and demand of the future market, and the ability to resist the risk is very low, which leads to the lack of guarantee of the income of the tea growers. In order to improve these conditions, the main production subjects in the tea industry chain must be solved through the establishment of a close cooperation relationship, and the management and optimization of the longitudinal cooperation model of the tea industry should be carried out, so that the tea planting households can participate more in the close vertical cooperation mode. In this paper, under the framework of the industrial chain, based on the theory of transaction cost, the theory of producer behavior and the theory of longitudinal cooperation, and the particularity of the tea and the trust factor of the tea plantation, The paper studies the influencing factors of the participation of the tea planting households in the vertical cooperation mode in the sales process. The paper adopts the method of combining the literature investigation, the questionnaire, the qualitative analysis and the quantitative analysis, and the method of the combination of the normative research and the empirical study, and selects the sex, the age, the culture degree, the area of the tea planting, the household income, 21 indicators, such as the attitude to risk, were made into the questionnaire. In the field investigation in Huangshan City, the data obtained from the investigation were analyzed and the data were analyzed by Logistic regression mathematical model, then the fitting of the Logistic model was analyzed, and the ROC curve was used to test the data, and the relevant conclusions were obtained. Through the on-the-spot investigation of Huangshan City, it is found that the main performance of the participation of the tea plantation in Huangshan City in the longitudinal cooperation mode is as follows: the age of the planting households engaged in the tea production is concentrated in the middle-aged and the elderly, and the degree of education is generally lower, and the number of people with higher education is less, But with the rapid development of the news media, the tea growers have a certain understanding of the policy documents and market information. The vertical cooperation model of the market transaction is more common, the proportion of which is 40.32%, the mixed-contract cooperation mode accounts for 56.45% of the total, while the vertical integration mode has emerged, accounting for 3.23%. in which, 91.12% of the tea growers are able to sell the tea products in time, and 40.32% of the tea growers choose the low-grade market trading mode, 56.45% of the people choose the mixed contract production mode, Only 3.2 per cent of tea growers are involved in the most compact, vertical and integrated approach. Among them, in the mode of market transaction, the dissatisfaction rate of the co-operation mode of participating in the market transaction is as high as 38% for the current collaboration mode. In addition, according to the survey, the tea-planting households that can't sell the tea products (fresh tea and dry tea) in time are mainly concentrated in the farmers who choose the market transaction, accounting for 18% of their number. Through the logistic regression analysis of the research data, it is concluded that the degree of education, the area of the tea planting, the difficulty of obtaining the fund support and the difficulty of obtaining the market information have a significant positive effect on whether to participate in the high-level longitudinal cooperation mode. The high price of the buyer has a significant negative effect on the choice of the farmer to participate in the high-level longitudinal collaboration. The attitude of sex, age, treatment risk, the degree of understanding of the government guidance document and related policies, the income of the tea in the household income proportion, the household annual income and the total household expenses, the source of planting land, the buyer's payment in time/ down payment, The buyer's reputation is good, the buyer is an acquaintance/ relative, the difficulty of obtaining the processing technology, the difficulty of the tea product preservation and how many of the factors that may be lost during the sales process are not obvious to the selection of the cooperation mode. The ROC curve shows that the area of the curve is 0.969, which is greater than 0.9, which indicates that the fitting degree of the Logistic regression model is good. On the basis of this study, this paper puts forward the following suggestions for optimizing the vertical cooperation model of the tea industry in Huangshan City: first, to strengthen the basic education of the tea planting households and to improve their professional quality; and secondly, to encourage more young people to return to the township for the tea planting work. To promote the younger generation of the age structure of the local tea industry practitioners, and thirdly, to promote the scale of the local tea industry; and fourthly, the government and the enterprises should increase the financial and technical input of the tea production, and also increase the construction of the information distribution and information sharing platform; and fifthly, The government should also implement a certain system of tea price protection in the development of some policies and regulations, and further strengthen the income of tea planting households.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F326.6;F326.12
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