利己性、利他性及其与幸福感关系研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 23:12

本文关键词： 利己性利他性幸福感聚类分析结构方程模型　出处：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：十八届五中全会指出,在全面建设小康社会的新形势下,必须加强和创新社会治理,必须站在提高人民幸福感的角度解决社会问题。人民幸福感的提升对于建设小康社会、实现中国梦具有重要的意义。近年来幸福经济学成为学术热点,众多经济学家介入幸福感的研究,并形成了基于绝对收入、基于相对收入、基于收入以外因素的三种幸福感假说。但是随着经济的迅速发展,利己主义不断泛滥,利他主义日渐缺失,居民幸福感不仅没有随收入的增加而相应上升,反而有所下降,出现了 "收入——幸福"悖论。可见要想实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标,实现人民幸福的中国梦,更应该以人为本,从人性本身的角度去创新探索提升人民幸福感的新路径。因此社会亟需引导人们培养合理的利己性、利他性,去倡导社会的和谐并提升人民的幸福感。本文通过文献综述总结回顾了过往利己性、利他性的理论研究,重点回顾了经济学中经典的人性假设模型。通过思辨分析和逻辑推理,总结了经济学中经典人性假设模型所存在的不足。为了改进经济学中经典人性假设模型所存在的不足,本文从管理学的思想出发,将人性中的利己性与利他性与人的幸福感相结合,提出了包含完整人性类别的利己利他四象限模型假设。模型通过利己性利他性的高低不同将人分为四类,不同类型的人幸福感有差异。在提出模型后,通过描述性分析、聚类分析和方差分析证明了模型对四类人划分的合理性,从而验证了利己利他四象限模型。在验证利己利他四象限模型的合理性后,文章依据对过往研究的梳理总结,进而提出假设,构建了中介模型,进一步探究利己性、利他性是如何影响幸福感的。文章通过中介模型的检验,证实了利己性不仅直接影响幸福感,还会通过利他性的中介作用影响幸福感。并且,运用结构方程模型探究了利己性、利他性和幸福感之间的路径关系。从而进一步解释了利己性和利他性是如何具体影响幸福感的。研究发现:依据利己性利他性的高低不同可将人分为利己利他四象限模型中的四类人,并且四类人幸福感显著不同;利己性利他性显著影响幸福感,利己性越强的人幸福感越低,利他性越强的人幸福感越高;利他性是利己性影响幸福感的中介变量。
[Abstract]:The Fifth Plenary session of the 18 CPC Central Committee pointed out that under the new situation of building a well-off society in an all-round way, social governance must be strengthened and innovated. We must solve social problems from the angle of improving people's happiness. The promotion of people's happiness is of great significance for building a well-off society and realizing Chinese Dream. In recent years, the economics of happiness has become a hot academic topic. Many economists have been involved in the study of well-being, and formed three kinds of happiness hypothesis based on absolute income, relative income and non-income factors. But with the rapid development of economy. With the spread of egoism and the loss of altruism, residents' happiness not only does not rise with the increase of income, but also decreases. There is a paradox of "income-happiness". It can be seen that in order to achieve the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way and to realize the happiness of the people, Chinese Dream should be more people-oriented. From the perspective of human nature to explore new ways to improve the well-being of the people, so the society needs to guide people to cultivate reasonable self-interest, altruism. To promote social harmony and enhance the well-being of the people. This paper reviews the past self-interest, altruistic theoretical research through literature review. This paper mainly reviews the classical hypothesis model of human nature in economics through speculative analysis and logical reasoning. In order to improve the deficiency of classical human nature hypothesis model in economics, this paper starts from the thought of management. Combining the egoism and altruism in human nature with the happiness of human beings, this paper proposes a four-quadrant model hypothesis of altruistic altruism which contains the complete category of human nature. The model divides people into four categories by the different levels of altruistic altruism. After putting forward the model, it is proved that the model is reasonable for the four categories of people by descriptive analysis, cluster analysis and variance analysis. In order to verify the altruistic altruistic four-quadrant model. After verifying the rationality of the altruistic four-quadrant model, according to the summary of past research, this paper puts forward the hypothesis and constructs the intermediary model. Further explore the altruism, how altruism affects well-being. Through the test of intermediary model, the article proves that altruism not only directly affects well-being. It can also affect happiness through altruistic intermediary. Furthermore, the structure equation model is used to explore altruism. The path relationship between altruism and well-being further explains how altruism and altruism specifically affect happiness. According to the altruistic altruism people can be divided into four categories in the four-quadrant model of altruistic altruism. And the four groups of people were significantly different in happiness; Altruistic altruism significantly affects well-being, the stronger the self-interest, the lower the happiness, and the higher the well-being of the altruistic; Altruism is an intermediate variable in which altruism affects well-being.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F069.9

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