出口、集聚与产业效率

发布时间：2018-05-03 12:52

本文选题：出口 + 产业集聚　；参考：《浙江大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：产业效率是经济学研究的一个古老而又常新的话题,随着社会实践的发展,影响产业效率的新因素不断涌现,学界对如何提高产业效率的思考也不断地深入。20世纪90年代以来,集聚对产业效率的影响开始备受关注,与这一论题相关的理论分析和实证研究层出不穷,大致可归纳为两个方面：一是集聚促进产业效率的机理分析,另一是基于行业或者区域的时间序列数据或者面板数据的实证分析。虽然理论分析强调了产业集聚水平的提高可以通过技术和知识的外溢、市场规模的扩大、基础设施和熟练劳动力等要素资源的共享、产业前后向联系的拓展等种种途径来促进产业效率的提高,但在依据这些理论分析进行实证检验时,其实证分析结果并不统一,支持与反对产业集聚促进产业效率的结论均大量存在。尽管具体分析抑制影响因素及影响程度的实证研究并不多见,但至少说明了产业集聚水平的提高对产业效率并没有必然的促进作用,可能还存在其他制约产业集聚发挥促进作用的因素。从这个角度出发,本文结合中国东部沿海经济、外贸和产业集聚发展的特殊历程引入出口这一因素,来深入探讨行业出口水平的高低会对产业集聚促进作用的发挥产生怎样的影响。理论上,本文在梳理已有相关文献的基础上,结合中国制造业各行业的现实特点,对出口水平影响产业集聚的机理进行了分析,出口对于产业集聚本身既有促进效应,也有分散效应,更重要是,在中国东部沿海各省经济、外贸和集聚的特殊发展历程下,出口对产业集聚的抑制作用更有其特殊之处,对产业集聚对产业效率正向效应的发挥有一定程度的破坏作用。实证上,考虑到数据的可得性和完整性,本文运用制造业20个细分行业2001-2011年的行业面板数据并按照行业年均出口密集度水平将20个行业划分为两类,分别进行回归分析。研究发现,改革开放以来的出口政策和出口形成的制造业在东部沿海各省的集聚,其促进产业效率提高的因素受到了出口的破坏。本文分析了产生这种破坏的原因并提出了相应的建议。
[Abstract]:Industrial efficiency is an ancient and often new topic in economic research. With the development of social practice, new factors affecting industrial efficiency have been emerging constantly, and the academic circles' thinking on how to improve industrial efficiency has been going deep into the 1990s. The influence of agglomeration on industrial efficiency has attracted much attention. The theoretical analysis and empirical research related to this topic emerge in endlessly, which can be summed up in two aspects: first, the mechanism analysis of agglomeration promoting industrial efficiency. The other is the empirical analysis of time series data or panel data based on industry or region. Although theoretical analysis emphasizes that the level of industrial agglomeration can be enhanced through spillover of technology and knowledge, expansion of market size, sharing of essential resources such as infrastructure and skilled labour, There are many ways to promote the improvement of industrial efficiency, such as the expansion of industry forward and backward connection, but the empirical analysis results are not uniform when the empirical analysis is carried out according to these theoretical analysis. The conclusions of supporting and opposing industrial agglomeration to promote industrial efficiency are abundant. Although there are few empirical studies to analyze the influencing factors and the degree of influence, at least it shows that the improvement of industrial agglomeration level does not necessarily promote the industrial efficiency. There may also be other factors that restrict the promotion of industrial agglomeration. From this point of view, this paper introduces the export factor in the light of the special course of development of China's eastern coastal economy, foreign trade and industrial agglomeration. To explore how the level of industry export will play a role in promoting industrial agglomeration. Theoretically, this paper analyzes the mechanism of export level influencing industrial agglomeration on the basis of combing the relevant literature and combining with the practical characteristics of China's manufacturing industries. The export has a positive effect on industrial agglomeration itself. There is also a dispersion effect. More importantly, under the special development process of the economy, foreign trade and agglomeration of the eastern coastal provinces of China, the inhibition of export on industrial agglomeration is even more peculiar. It can destroy the positive effect of industrial agglomeration to some extent. Empirically, considering the availability and completeness of the data, this paper uses the industry panel data from 2001 to 2011 in 20 subsectors of manufacturing industry and divides 20 industries into two categories according to the average annual export intensity of the industry, and carries out regression analysis. It is found that the export policy and the agglomeration of manufacturing industry in the eastern coastal provinces since the reform and opening up, the factors that promote the industrial efficiency have been destroyed by the export. This paper analyzes the causes of this kind of damage and puts forward some corresponding suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F752.62;F279.2;F062.9

【参考文献】