近岸海域环境现状的经济学分析

发布时间：2018-06-21 11:03

本文选题：近岸海域 + 环境　；参考：《四川农业大学》2001年硕士论文

【摘要】： 目前，虽然全社会都在普遍关注海洋环境，但海洋环境，特别是近岸海域环境却在不断地恶化，人类行为所导致的海洋灾害爆发的频率不断地加快且其所造成的损失日渐加重，这种现象是值得我们深思的。那么，是什么原因导致了海洋环境污染的加剧呢？对于这个问题，我认为从经济学的角度来分析，才能更好地抓住问题的本质。从经济学的角度来看，影响近岸海域环境的主要因素有：1、人们的环境意识。由于人的意识决定人的行为，而人的行为又对环境产生影响，所以，，在分析近岸海域环境时，有必要从经济学的角度来分析人的环境意识；2、近岸海域环境资源具有准公共资源的性质。公共资源由于具有非排他性和非竞争性的特点，所以容易导致过度使用。近岸海域环境资源也难逃此“悲剧”；3、各行为主体之间存在寻租行为。环境资源的使用者为了得到环境管理者排污的默许，会尽可能地向环境管理者进行寻租，产生寻租行为，从而对环境资源造成负面影响；4、各行为主体之间存在博弈行为。环境资源的管理者与使用者之间、使用者与使用者之间由于从各自的利益出发，相互博弈，最终形成了一个低效率的纳什均衡；5、沿海地区经济结构的变化。由于陆源污染物是近岸海域环境恶化的主要原因，所以沿海地区经济结构的变化必然会影响到近岸海域的环境。另外，本文在分析了影响近岸海域环境的各个原因以后，分别提出了改善近岸海域环境现状的措施。
[Abstract]:At present, although the whole society is generally concerned about the marine environment, especially the coastal marine environment, is deteriorating continuously. The frequency of marine disasters caused by human behavior is accelerating and the losses caused by them are becoming more and more serious. This phenomenon is worthy of our deep thinking. So what is the cause of the pollution of the marine environment? For this problem, I think from the perspective of economics, we can better grasp the nature of the problem. From the point of view of economics, the main reason that affects the coastal sea environment is: 1, people's environmental consciousness. Since human consciousness determines human behavior, and human behavior has an impact on the surrounding environment, when analyzing the coastal sea environment, It is necessary to analyze people's environmental consciousness from the angle of economics. Public resources are easily overused because of their non-exclusive and non-competitive characteristics. The environmental resources in the coastal waters can not escape this tragedy, and there is rent-seeking behavior among the actors. Users of environmental resources, in order to obtain the tacit approval of environmental managers to discharge pollutants, will as far as possible seek rent from environmental managers. The behavior of rent-seeking has a negative impact on environmental resources. Environmental resources between managers and users, users and users for their own interests, Mutual play, finally formed a low-efficiency Nash equilibrium, coastal economic structure changes. As land-based pollutants are the main cause of environmental degradation in coastal waters, So the change of economic structure in coastal areas will affect the environment of coastal waters. In addition, after analyzing the factors that affect the coastal environment, the paper puts forward the measures to improve the present situation of the coastal sea environment.
【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2001
【分类号】：F062.2

【引证文献】