论资本形态的历史演变
发布时间：2018-07-23 19:28
【摘要】： 资本形态始终是马克思主义理论关注的焦点问题,马克思关于资本的本性、资本的历史性观点是我们正确看待资本形态历史演变的前提。资本形态的当代表现以及资本的二重性作用,要求我们在中国特色社会主义建设过程中,既要正确把握当代资本的发展方向,又要正确对待资本的负面效应,给予资本以合理的历史定位。 资本的本性是最大限度的获得自身的价值增殖,获取价值一般、财富一般。资本关系在一定社会历史条件下的具体表现方式,即资本形态,是资本实现自身本性的具体途径。资本在不同的历史条件下,其运行方式、条件、占有或存在的领域、赖以增殖的具体手段等等是有所不同的,这些不同就表明资本形态的历史性变化。由于资本内在的固有矛盾,导致资本在其每一历史发展阶段中都不可避免的遭遇危机或界限,从而不得不转变存在方式,进入新的历史发展时期。从机器大工业以来,资本形态的特殊表现方式经历了三个历史阶段和三个历史转变,三个阶段分别是马克思时代的资本形态、列宁时代的资本形态、二战后的资本形态。三个转变是:马克思时代资本形态的主要表现在于轻工业生产、自由竞争和国内市场的满足方面;列宁时代资本形态的主要表现在于重工业生产集中、资本集中、金融垄断、殖民地贸易以及对世界市场的瓜分;战后资本形态的主要表现在于高技术产业诞生、跨国性的产业投资、资本存在领域的多样化、资本的非物质化趋向以及全球金融资本的高速流动等等方面。在这三个历史阶段中,资本形态的发展前后相联,但表现方式却有着明显的差异性。资本的本质属性与资本的历史形态表现是资本作为社会存在的两个方面,二者是相互统一的。 当代资本在实现自身本性的过程中,已经渗透到社会存在的各个领域,同时以前所未有的速度向全球扩展,表现为经济全球化、一体化的过程。尽管一方面资本创造了巨大的生产力,提升了人类的活动水平,但另一方面却引发了全球性的负面问题,各种风险层出不穷,人类的存在面临着深刻的危机。这就是资本的二重性作用。中国的发展离不开世界,在中国特色社会主义建设的过程中,我们利用资本、发展资本,是为了发展生产力,但这并不等于要以资本至上为价值目标,而且资本带来的负面效应,要求我们必须对其进行合理的控制和调节。
[Abstract]:Capital form has always been the focus of Marxist theory. Marx's historical view on the nature of capital and capital is the premise for us to treat the historical evolution of capital formation correctly. The contemporary manifestation of capital form and the dual function of capital require us to correctly grasp the development direction of contemporary capital and treat the negative effect of capital correctly in the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. To give capital a reasonable historical position. The nature of capital is to maximize the gain of its own value multiplication, access to value general, wealth general. The specific expression of capital relationship under certain social and historical conditions, namely, capital form, is the specific way for capital to realize its own nature. Under different historical conditions, the mode of operation, conditions, possession or existence of capital, the specific means of multiplication and so on are different. These differences indicate the historic change of capital form. Because of the inherent contradiction of capital, it is inevitable for capital to encounter crisis or limit in each stage of its historical development, so it has to change its mode of existence and enter a new historical development period. Since the great machinery industry, the special manifestation of capital form has experienced three historical stages and three historical changes, namely, the capital form of Marx era, the capital form of Lenin era and the capital form after World War II. The three changes are: the main manifestation of capital form in Marx's era lies in light industry production, free competition and the satisfaction of domestic market, and the main manifestation of capital form in Lenin's era lies in the concentration of heavy industry production, capital concentration and financial monopoly. Colonial trade and the division of world markets; the main manifestations of the postwar capital formation were the birth of high-tech industries, transnational industrial investment, and diversification of capital existence. The dematerialization trend of capital and the high-speed flow of global financial capital and so on. In these three historical stages, the development of capital form is related before and after, but there are obvious differences. The essential attribute of capital and the historical form of capital are two aspects of capital as social existence. In the process of realizing its own nature, contemporary capital has penetrated into various fields of social existence, and at the same time, it has expanded to the whole world at an unprecedented speed, which is manifested in the process of economic globalization and integration. Although on the one hand the capital has created the huge productive force and raised the human activity level, but on the other hand has caused the global negative question, each kind of risk emerges in endlessly, the human existence is facing the profound crisis. This is the dual role of capital. China's development is inseparable from the world. In the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, we use capital and develop capital in order to develop productive forces, but this does not mean that we should take capital first as the value goal. Moreover, the negative effect of capital requires us to control and regulate it reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F014
[Abstract]:Capital form has always been the focus of Marxist theory. Marx's historical view on the nature of capital and capital is the premise for us to treat the historical evolution of capital formation correctly. The contemporary manifestation of capital form and the dual function of capital require us to correctly grasp the development direction of contemporary capital and treat the negative effect of capital correctly in the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. To give capital a reasonable historical position. The nature of capital is to maximize the gain of its own value multiplication, access to value general, wealth general. The specific expression of capital relationship under certain social and historical conditions, namely, capital form, is the specific way for capital to realize its own nature. Under different historical conditions, the mode of operation, conditions, possession or existence of capital, the specific means of multiplication and so on are different. These differences indicate the historic change of capital form. Because of the inherent contradiction of capital, it is inevitable for capital to encounter crisis or limit in each stage of its historical development, so it has to change its mode of existence and enter a new historical development period. Since the great machinery industry, the special manifestation of capital form has experienced three historical stages and three historical changes, namely, the capital form of Marx era, the capital form of Lenin era and the capital form after World War II. The three changes are: the main manifestation of capital form in Marx's era lies in light industry production, free competition and the satisfaction of domestic market, and the main manifestation of capital form in Lenin's era lies in the concentration of heavy industry production, capital concentration and financial monopoly. Colonial trade and the division of world markets; the main manifestations of the postwar capital formation were the birth of high-tech industries, transnational industrial investment, and diversification of capital existence. The dematerialization trend of capital and the high-speed flow of global financial capital and so on. In these three historical stages, the development of capital form is related before and after, but there are obvious differences. The essential attribute of capital and the historical form of capital are two aspects of capital as social existence. In the process of realizing its own nature, contemporary capital has penetrated into various fields of social existence, and at the same time, it has expanded to the whole world at an unprecedented speed, which is manifested in the process of economic globalization and integration. Although on the one hand the capital has created the huge productive force and raised the human activity level, but on the other hand has caused the global negative question, each kind of risk emerges in endlessly, the human existence is facing the profound crisis. This is the dual role of capital. China's development is inseparable from the world. In the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, we use capital and develop capital in order to develop productive forces, but this does not mean that we should take capital first as the value goal. Moreover, the negative effect of capital requires us to control and regulate it reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F014
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