严复的经济思想初探
发布时间：2018-09-09 09:33
【摘要】： 对中国现实有深刻体会、融贯中西的严复，在翻译西方著作的同时，以按语的形式将这些理论与中国的现实结合起来，作出相当独特的反应与回答，集中反映了他的自由主义经济思想。在此基础上，严复广泛探讨了义利、本末、奢俭，垄断与竞争，地、力、母财，赋税，积累与消费，对外贸易，国债等多方面问题。难能可贵的是，他并不照搬西方经济思想，而是结合中国经济现实，寻找西方理论与中国实际情况的结合点。本论文试对严复的经济思想加以阐述与分析。 严复主张的自由主义经济思想是与传统封建制度格格不入的，要想真正实现自由主义，必须对现存制度进行有利于自由主义经济思想实现的变革。他的自由主义经济思想就是听民自谋，政府尽可能少地干预民众的生产经营自由，而鼓民力、开民智、新民德是实现自由主义经济的途径。 在义利关系上，严复主张义利相合，义中有利，利中有义，反对割裂二者；对本末关系，严复认为不论本业、末业均不可偏废，是同等重要且互相依存促进的，要让农民拥有自己的土地，给工商业自由发展的空间；关于奢俭，严复以是否有所生、有所养，，即能否生利为标准，有所生有所养为俭，无所生无所养为奢。 严复认为地、力、母财三要素相结合才会产生财富，中国富国强民所最缺少的是资金，借外债不应为的是赔偿兵费，而应用于发展经济。 严复把竞争分为外竞与内竞两种，主张外竞市场要自由竞争，内竞市场则应垄断。 严复认为社会在变化，赋税内容增加了，收入照理也会相应增大，但中国仍旧贫困，其原因是不会理财。他总结中国赋税制度的弊病后，提出了国家征赋的标准。 严复推崇西学知识，认为在中国的特殊国情下要发挥知识对经济的作用， WP=4 必须废八股、以实业教育为主体、为学问之人提供体制保障、蠲产助学。 通过对严复经济思想的分析，我们可以体会到严复作为中国近代启蒙思想家的价值和意义。
[Abstract]:Yan Fu, who has a profound understanding of China's reality, while translating western works, combines these theories with China's reality in the form of notes, and gives a rather unique response and answer. It reflects his liberal economic thoughts. On this basis, Yan Fu has extensively discussed such problems as justice and profit, present and end, extravagance and thrift, monopoly and competition, land, power, mother property, taxation, accumulation and consumption, foreign trade, national debt, and so on. What is commendable is that he does not copy western economic thought, but combines the reality of Chinese economy to find the combination of western theory and China's actual situation. This thesis tries to expound and analyze Yan Fu's economic thought. The liberal economic thought advocated by Yan Fu is incompatible with the traditional feudal system. If we want to realize liberalism, we must reform the existing system in favor of the realization of liberal economic thought. His liberal economic thought is to listen to the people's self-seeking, and the government interferes with the people's freedom of production and operation as little as possible, and the way to realize the liberal economy is to muster the people's strength, open the people's wisdom, and the new people's morality. In the relationship between righteousness and interest, Yan Fu advocated that justice and interests should be United, that there is benefit in the meaning, and that there is a sense in interest, and oppose the separation of the two. With regard to the relationship between the two, Yan Fu believes that neither the industry nor the end of the industry should be biased, and that it is equally important and mutually dependent and promoted. To allow farmers to own their own land and give room for free development of industry and commerce, Yan Fu regarded whether there was life or not and whether he could raise it, that is, whether he could generate profits, be thrifty, and be extravagant if he had nothing to produce. Yan Fu believes that the combination of the three elements of land, strength and mother's wealth will produce wealth. What China's rich and powerful people lack most is capital. Borrowing foreign debt should not be used to compensate for military expenses, but to develop the economy. Yan Fu divided the competition into two types: foreign competition and internal competition. Yan Fu believes that society is changing, tax content will increase, income will naturally increase, but China is still poor because of lack of financial management. After summing up the disadvantages of China's tax system, he put forward the standard of national tax collection. Yan Fu praised western learning knowledge, and held that in order to play the role of knowledge in the economy under the special conditions of China, WP=4 must scrap stereotyped writing. Industrial education as the main body, for the academic people to provide institutional protection, delivery of education. Through the analysis of Yan Fu's economic thought, we can understand the value and significance of Yan Fu as a modern Chinese enlightenment thinker.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：F092.6
本文编号：2231995
[Abstract]:Yan Fu, who has a profound understanding of China's reality, while translating western works, combines these theories with China's reality in the form of notes, and gives a rather unique response and answer. It reflects his liberal economic thoughts. On this basis, Yan Fu has extensively discussed such problems as justice and profit, present and end, extravagance and thrift, monopoly and competition, land, power, mother property, taxation, accumulation and consumption, foreign trade, national debt, and so on. What is commendable is that he does not copy western economic thought, but combines the reality of Chinese economy to find the combination of western theory and China's actual situation. This thesis tries to expound and analyze Yan Fu's economic thought. The liberal economic thought advocated by Yan Fu is incompatible with the traditional feudal system. If we want to realize liberalism, we must reform the existing system in favor of the realization of liberal economic thought. His liberal economic thought is to listen to the people's self-seeking, and the government interferes with the people's freedom of production and operation as little as possible, and the way to realize the liberal economy is to muster the people's strength, open the people's wisdom, and the new people's morality. In the relationship between righteousness and interest, Yan Fu advocated that justice and interests should be United, that there is benefit in the meaning, and that there is a sense in interest, and oppose the separation of the two. With regard to the relationship between the two, Yan Fu believes that neither the industry nor the end of the industry should be biased, and that it is equally important and mutually dependent and promoted. To allow farmers to own their own land and give room for free development of industry and commerce, Yan Fu regarded whether there was life or not and whether he could raise it, that is, whether he could generate profits, be thrifty, and be extravagant if he had nothing to produce. Yan Fu believes that the combination of the three elements of land, strength and mother's wealth will produce wealth. What China's rich and powerful people lack most is capital. Borrowing foreign debt should not be used to compensate for military expenses, but to develop the economy. Yan Fu divided the competition into two types: foreign competition and internal competition. Yan Fu believes that society is changing, tax content will increase, income will naturally increase, but China is still poor because of lack of financial management. After summing up the disadvantages of China's tax system, he put forward the standard of national tax collection. Yan Fu praised western learning knowledge, and held that in order to play the role of knowledge in the economy under the special conditions of China, WP=4 must scrap stereotyped writing. Industrial education as the main body, for the academic people to provide institutional protection, delivery of education. Through the analysis of Yan Fu's economic thought, we can understand the value and significance of Yan Fu as a modern Chinese enlightenment thinker.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：F092.6
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 张守军;严复的经济思想[J];财经问题研究;1999年10期
本文编号：2231995
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