西方轻商思想的历史演变及其与中国的比较

发布时间：2018-01-19 11:15

本文关键词： 西欧轻商重商主义零和游戏国内贸易抑商政策　出处：《商业经济与管理》2013年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：古希腊罗马的哲学家认为商业是一种卑贱的职业,不能创造新的财富,应由最下等的人来从事。他们的轻商观念对西方社会产生了深远影响。中世纪西欧社会在宗教神学的笼罩下,将商人的逐利行为斥为罪孽。商业由那些被认为下等的外来人或失去土地的流浪人来从事。但中世纪松散的社会结构又为商业留下了发展空间。商业经济的发展瓦解了西欧的封建制度,民族国家随之兴起,并迎来了重商主义时代。开展海外贸易的商人赢得了尊敬,但国内贸易依然受歧视,因为重商主义并不"重商",认为贸易是零和游戏。重商主义之后,轻商观念逐渐被消除,但西方形成的经济学研究传统并未使商业成为重要的研究对象。与西欧相比,中国的轻商思想更加根深蒂固,因为森严的封建等级制度没有给商业的壮大留足空间。轻商思想与抑商政策合二为一限制了商业的发展,因而中国没有形成如同西欧那样强大的商人阶层。
[Abstract]:The philosophers of ancient Greece and Rome thought that business was a humble occupation and could not create new wealth. It should be done by the lowest people. Their concept of light commerce had a profound impact on western society. Western Europe was shrouded in religious theology in the Middle Ages. The profiteering of merchants is condemned as sin. Business is carried out by outsiders who are considered inferior or vagrants who have lost their land. But the loose social structure of the Middle Ages left room for the development of commerce. The development of the commercial economy. The feudal system of Western Europe. The nation-state rose with it and ushered in the era of mercantilism. Merchants engaged in overseas trade gained respect, but domestic trade was still discriminated against because mercantilism was not "mercantilist". After mercantilism, the concept of light commerce was gradually eliminated, but the economic research tradition formed in the West did not make business become an important object of study. The thought of light commerce in China is more deeply rooted because the strict feudal hierarchy does not leave enough room for the expansion of commerce. The combination of light commerce thought and the policy of restraining commerce restricts the development of commerce. As a result, China did not form as strong a merchant class as Western Europe.
【作者单位】：东北财经大学工商管理学院;
【分类号】：F09
【正文快照】： 轻商思想在西方学界不是一个被经常讨论的课题,为数不多的研究主要来自营销学界,专注于西方社会的“轻营销(Prejudice Against Marketing)”问题[1-4],缺少对西方轻商思想的整体考察。国内学界关于中国轻商思想与抑商政策的研究成果颇丰[5-8],但对西方相关问题的关注不多,一

【参考文献】