生态经济学视角下的消费问题初探

发布时间：2018-02-20 16:01

本文关键词： 生态经济学消费生态消费　出处：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生态经济学是一门新兴科学,其理论并不完善,在对其概念、研究对象的界定等方面还存在许多争论。它是在自然环境遭到严重破坏,人们对工业化的生产方式及生活方式进行反思的结果。生态主义的思想可以追溯到很远,其中包含着生态学、经济学、伦理学等多学科的交叉与融合;新兴的生态经济学是建立在现代物理学与热力学理论基础上的,其特点是将整个地球看作统一的生态系统,它与外界只能进行能量的交换而不能进行物质交换,经济系统是其中一个开放的子系统,从生态系统吸取能量并向其排放消费的废弃物。消费是与人类及社会的生存发展息息相关的活动,在不同的历史时期,人们对它研究的出发点不同,它所承担的含义也不同。消费时代带来的高消费与无止境膨胀的欲望给生态系统造成了不可承受的压力,将消费置于生态经济学的视角下重新审视势在必行,也是实现人类经济社会永续发展的唯一途径。本文对生态经济学、生态伦理学、马克思的生态思想及哲学理论等基础理论进行了梳理;运用历史演绎法对历史规律进行总结和归纳,并阐释了“生态消费”的内涵,尝试着弥补现有的对生态消费研究的不足;同时,运用规范与实证相结合的研究方法,对我国改革开放三十年来居民消费情况及其对资源环境的影响进行了实证分析,分析了我国居民消费中存在的问题、影响我国居民消费的因素,并在此基础上提出我国居民实现生态消费的对策建议。文章的引言部分包含了本文写作背景、目的、意义、创新点、文献综述等内容;第一章、第二章梳理了生态主义的变迁及消费内涵的变迁,并在前人研究与理论梳理的基础上,阐述了我对“生态消费”概念的理解,并将其与绿色消费、可持续消费进行了比较;第三章为实证分析,通过数据、计量模型等方法研究了我国居民消费及其对能源环境影响的状况,分析了影响我国居民消费的因素;最后一章为政策建议,对我国居民消费现存问题提出了以生产引导消费、树立生态消费观念等政策建议。
[Abstract]:Ecological economics is a new science, its theory is not perfect, there are still many arguments about its concept, the definition of research object, etc. It is a serious damage to the natural environment. The thought of ecologicalism can be traced back to a long way, which includes the intersection and fusion of ecology, economics, ethics and so on. The emerging ecological economics is based on the modern physics and thermodynamics theory, its characteristic is that the whole earth is regarded as a unified ecosystem, it can only exchange energy with the outside world, but not substance exchange. The economic system is one of the open subsystems that draws energy from the ecosystem and discharges waste to it. Consumption is an activity that is closely related to the survival and development of human beings and society at different historical periods. The starting point of people's research on it is different, and the meaning of it is also different. The high consumption and endless expanding desire brought about by the consumption age have put unbearable pressure on the ecosystem. It is imperative to re-examine consumption from the perspective of ecological economics, and it is the only way to realize the sustainable development of human economy and society. This paper combs the basic theories of ecological economics, ecological ethics, Marx's ecological thought and philosophical theory, summarizes and induces the historical law by historical deduction, and explains the connotation of "ecological consumption". This paper tries to make up for the deficiency of the existing research on ecological consumption, and at the same time, it makes an empirical analysis of the residents' consumption and its impact on the resources and environment in the past 30 years of reform and opening up, using the research method of combining norms and empirical research. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the consumption of our country's residents and the factors affecting the consumption of our country's residents, and on this basis puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the realization of ecological consumption of our country's residents. The introduction of the article includes the background, purpose and significance of this article. The first and second chapters combed the changes of ecologism and the changes of consumption connotation, and expounded my understanding of the concept of "ecological consumption" on the basis of previous studies and theoretical carding. And compared with green consumption and sustainable consumption. The third chapter is empirical analysis, through data, econometric model and other methods to study the consumption of Chinese residents and its impact on the energy environment. This paper analyzes the factors that affect the consumption of our country's residents, the last chapter is the policy recommendations, and puts forward some policy suggestions such as guiding consumption by production, setting up the concept of ecological consumption and so on.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：F062.2

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