基于3S技术的天然草原土地利用动态研究——以锡林郭勒草原国家级自然保护区为例

发布时间：2018-02-27 12:33

本文关键词： 动态度模型转移矩阵土地利用变化锡林郭勒　出处：《干旱区资源与环境》2011年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：土地利用以及由此引起的土地覆盖的变化是全球变化最显著的方面,也是影响草原生态系统质量的重要因素。文中以1987年、2000年和2005年三年的研究区TM遥感影像数据为基础,利用土地利用动态度模型和土地利用转移矩阵,分别从土地类型变化的速率和变化方向两个方面对锡林郭勒草原国家级自然保护区进行了研究。结果表明:(1)保护区的土地总体上明显退化,土地利用变化的总体趋势为草地和水域面积减少;耕地、沙地、沼泽地、居民点用地和裸岩、石砾地的面积增加,其中耕地、沙地和居民点用地的增加幅度比较大。(2)自2000年以后个别地方的土地退化现象得到了遏制,土地质量日益好转。(3)1987年至2000年的新增耕地全部来自优良的牧草地和湿地,2000年以来耕地的增长加快,开垦的范围也从原来的优良牧草地和湿地扩展到了低覆盖度草地和一些未利用土地。(4)高覆盖度草地退化和开垦严重,比例分别占减少面积的85.84%、11.51%。(5)18年间,研究区新增沙地20769.82hm2,主要来源于草地,草地沙化严重。
[Abstract]:Land use and the resulting land cover changes are the most significant aspects of global change and an important factor affecting the quality of grassland ecosystems. This paper is based on the TM remote sensing image data from the three years of 1987, 2000 and 2005. Using the land use dynamics model and the land use transfer matrix, In this paper, the rate and direction of land type change were studied in Xilingol grassland National Nature Reserve. The results showed that the land in the area was obviously degraded. The general trend of land use change is the decrease of grassland and water area, the increase of cultivated land, sandy land, marsh land, residential land and bare rock, and the area of gravel land. The increase in land use in sand and residential areas is relatively large. (2) Land degradation in individual places has been contained since 2000. The land quality is improving day by day.) from 1987 to 2000, all the new cultivated land came from fine pasture land and wetlands, and the increase in cultivated land has accelerated since 2000. The range of reclamation has also been extended from the original fine forage land and wetland to low coverage grassland and some unused land. 4) the grassland with high coverage has been degraded and reclaimed seriously, with the proportion of 85.84% of the reduced area accounting for 11.51% and 518 years, respectively. The new sandy land in the study area was 20769.82 hm2.It was mainly from grassland, and grassland desertification was serious.
【作者单位】：内蒙古财经学院经济学院;
【基金】：内蒙古高等学校研究项目(NJSY07078)资助
【分类号】：F062.2

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