分工演进、交易效率与行业协会的生成机制

发布时间：2018-05-05 04:13

本文选题：分工演进 + 交易效率　；参考：《西北大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 行业协会在现代市场经济中扮演着重要的角色,被称为第三方私人治理机制,是市场和政府都无法替代的一支重要力量。对正处于经济体制转型和政府管理体制改革的中国来说,行业协会对维护行业利益、规范行业秩序、推动行业发展更有着特殊的意义。受各种因素的影响,我国行业协会与欧美发达国家相比,发展还是相对落后,无论是行业协会的数量、规模,还是行业协会的社会影响力方面。本文试图对行业协会生成和发展的内在机制进行研究,进而用研究所得的理论来指导和促进我国行业协会的快速发展。本文的研究是在前人已有的研究基础之上再做进一步的推进,试图对行业协会生成和发展的内在机制有新的认识和思考。本文以“分工演进”、“交易效率”为研究视角,以案例研究为切入点,运用逻辑演绎的方法进行推理论证,对行业协会生成和发展的内在机制进行了研究。首先我们考察了同质行业协会产生的原因。分工演进主要受制于交易效率,而交易效率表现为分工收益与交易费用的对比关系,在分工收益既定的情况下,如何降低交易费用是促进分工演进的关键。在交易费用中内生交易费用又成为约束分工演进的关键之关键。行业协会的本质是交易者为了获得分工的好处,通过支付一种外生交易费用(加入行业协会的各类费用)来降低总的交易费用,提高交易效率。我们还重点考察了行业协会的内生交易费用节约功能。然后,我们考察了行业协会的异质性和多样性。行业协会生成和发展的内在动力机制是分工。随着分工演进,同一行业协会规模的不断扩大,会员数量的不断增多,会员之间趋同度会降低,也就是说会员之间的异质性会增加。具体来说,市场交易者之所以会加入行业协会,是为了获得行业协会提供的俱乐部产品和私人产品的收益,而随着行业协会会员间趋同度的下降,它们享受到的俱乐部产品和私人产品的收益在下降。因此,在某一临界点,会员就有退出原行业协会并联合同质企业加入新行业协会的激励。转型时期我国行业协会生成机制是异常复杂的,本文只是以“分工演进”“交易效率”为视角,来探索行业协会生成和发展的一般规律,在后续的研究中仍然有许多需要去进一步研究的地方。
[Abstract]:Trade associations play an important role in the modern market economy, which is called the third party private governance mechanism, which can not be replaced by the market and the government. For China, which is in the process of economic system transformation and government management system reform, the trade association has a special significance to safeguard the interests of the industry, standardize the order of the industry, and promote the development of the industry. Under the influence of various factors, the development of China's trade associations is still relatively backward compared with the developed countries in Europe and the United States, both in terms of the number, scale and social influence of trade associations. This paper attempts to study the internal mechanism of the formation and development of trade associations, and then use the theory to guide and promote the rapid development of trade associations in China. The research in this paper is based on the previous research to further promote the formation and development of trade associations to try to have a new understanding and thinking of the internal mechanism. From the perspective of "division of labor evolution" and "transaction efficiency", this paper studies the internal mechanism of the formation and development of trade associations with the method of logical deduction and case study. First of all, we examine the causes of homogeneous industry associations. The evolution of division of labor is mainly restricted by the transaction efficiency, and the transaction efficiency is the comparative relationship between the income of division of labor and the transaction cost. How to reduce the transaction cost is the key to promote the evolution of division of labor when the income of division of labor is fixed. In the transaction cost, the endogenous transaction cost becomes the key to the evolution of constrained division of labor. The essence of the trade association is to reduce the total transaction cost and improve the transaction efficiency by paying a kind of exogenous transaction cost (all kinds of expenses of joining the trade association) in order to obtain the benefit of division of labor. We also focus on the industry association's endogenous transaction cost savings function. Then, we examine the heterogeneity and diversity of industry associations. The inner motive mechanism of the formation and development of industry association is division of labor. As the division of labor evolves, the scale of the same trade association expands and the number of members increases, the degree of convergence among members will decrease, that is, the heterogeneity among members will increase. Specifically, market traders join trade associations in order to reap the benefits of club products and private products offered by trade associations, and as the degree of convergence among trade association members declines, They are enjoying declining revenues from club and private products. Therefore, at a certain critical point, members have the incentive to withdraw from the original industry association and join the homogeneous enterprise to join the new industry association. In the transitional period, the formation mechanism of China's trade associations is extremely complex. This paper only explores the general rules of the formation and development of trade associations from the perspective of "division of labor evolution" and "transaction efficiency". There are still many areas for further study in subsequent studies.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：F014;F203;F224

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