开征碳税的条件及碳税的动态调整

发布时间：2018-05-30 02:05

本文选题：碳税 + 罗尔斯主义　；参考：《中国人口.资源与环境》2013年06期

【摘要】：当今世界上,保护环境已是人类共识。有多种环境政策可供选择,其中之一就是开征碳税。在环境经济学领域,开征碳税是否对控制污染真正有效,自何时起开征碳税更恰当,如何动态地调整碳税税率,等等,都是重要问题。近年来,中国政府也正筹划开征碳税。因此,就中国碳税政策的制定而言,对此类问题的研究也是迫切的。最近,Sinn提出的所谓绿色悖论倍受关注。他认为,开征碳税势必加速自然资源的开采速度,因此反而会加剧环境污染。本文针对于一个完全竞争市场经济,建立了一个单税种模型,否定了Sinn的绿色悖论,同时探讨了开征碳税的条件和最优的动态碳税调整路径,分析了开征碳税的时效问题。主要结论有:开征碳税越早越好,其效力越强;可分区域分别开征不同税率的碳税,发达地区较高,欠发达地区较低;在欠发达地区可仅开征碳税,而在发达地区,要开征碳税与碳交易同时并举;要定期向民众问卷,以掌握其对污染的承受能力,进而对碳税进行动态的调整。
[Abstract]:In today's world, the protection of the environment has been the consensus of mankind. There are a variety of environmental policies to choose from, one of which is a carbon tax. In the field of environmental economics, whether a carbon tax is really effective for pollution control, when it is more appropriate, how to dynamically adjust the carbon tax rate, and so on, are important questions. In recent years, the Chinese government is also planning a carbon tax. Therefore, as far as the formulation of China's carbon tax policy is concerned, it is urgent to study such issues. Recently, the so-called Green Paradox proposed by Sinn has attracted much attention. A carbon tax, he argues, will accelerate the exploitation of natural resources and thus exacerbate environmental pollution. Aiming at a fully competitive market economy, this paper establishes a single tax model, negates the green paradox of Sinn, discusses the conditions for the introduction of carbon tax and the optimal dynamic carbon tax adjustment path, and analyzes the limitation of carbon tax collection. The main conclusions are as follows: the sooner the carbon tax is imposed, the more effective it will be; the higher the developed region and the lower the less developed region, and the lower the carbon tax can be levied in the less developed region, while in the developed region, It is necessary to levy a carbon tax at the same time as carbon trading, to regularly questionnaire the public to grasp its ability to withstand pollution, and then to dynamically adjust the carbon tax.
【作者单位】：北京大学经济学院;西南财经大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“西部地区低碳经济发展模式和机制研究”(编号:11BJL061) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(编号:JBK120506) 西南财经大学“211工程”项目
【分类号】：X196;F812.42

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