基于土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值核算——以江苏盐城滨海湿地为例

发布时间：2018-06-29 10:56

本文选题：土地利用变化 + 生态系统服务　；参考：《海洋通报》2011年06期

【摘要】：长三角一体化与江苏沿海开发上升为国家战略,使盐城滨海湿地面临空前的发展压力,如何正确认识滩涂的价值并加以合理利用是制定各项方针政策的前提。运用1987、1992、1997、2002、2007年共5个时相的Landsat数据来获得土地利用和景观的时空变化信息,综合运用直接市场价值法、间接市场价值法、替代成本法、Costanza成果参数法等计算了保护区8项生态服务价值的变化。结果表明,滨海湿地蕴涵巨大的生态服务价值,20年内的均值约为683亿元。其中原生湿地提供的价值最大,平均为人工湿地及非湿地价值的31倍。滨海湿地提供的间接使用价值是生态系统服务价值的主要贡献者,平均为直接使用价值的6.5倍。20年来,研究区生态服务价值先减后增再减,净损失了27.689亿元。保护区滨海湿地景观中以獐茅、碱蓬群落为代表的自然湿地的大幅减少和盐田、水产养殖池塘等人工湿地及农业用地等非湿地面积的显著增加,直接导致了近20年来直接使用价值的高速增长和间接使用价值、选择价值的持续下降。
[Abstract]:The integration of Yangtze River Delta and the coastal development of Jiangsu is a national strategy, which makes the coastal wetland of Yancheng face unprecedented development pressure. How to correctly understand the value of tidal flat and make rational use of it is the premise of formulating various principles and policies. Using Landsat data of five phases in 1987 / 1992 / 1997 / 2002 and 2007 to obtain space-time change information of land use and landscape, direct market value method and indirect market value method are used synthetically. The alternative cost method and Costanza result parameter method were used to calculate the change of the value of 8 ecological services in the reserve. The results show that the coastal wetland contains huge ecological service value, the average value in 20 years is about 68.3 billion yuan. The value of primary wetland is the largest, which is 31 times of that of artificial wetland and non-wetland. The indirect use value provided by coastal wetland is the main contributor of ecosystem service value, with an average of 6.5 times of direct use value. Over the past 20 years, the value of ecological service in the study area has decreased first and then increased and then decreased, resulting in a net loss of 2.7689 billion yuan. In the coastal wetland landscape of the reserve, the natural wetland represented by roe grass and Suaeda salsa community decreased significantly, and the area of non-wetland such as constructed wetland such as aquiculture pond and agricultural land increased significantly. It has led to the rapid growth of direct use value and indirect use value in the past 20 years, and the continuous decline of choice value.
【作者单位】：南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室;北京大学城市与环境学院;江苏盐城国家级自然保护区;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(40606025) 国家海洋局908专项(908-ZC-Ⅱ-03) 国家公益(农业)项目(200903001-1) 国家基础科学人才培养基金(J0630535)
【分类号】：X37;X196;P748

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