产业集中度、市场价格及成本关系模型建构

发布时间：2018-07-05 17:33

本文选题：产业集中度 + 超额利润　；参考：《求索》2012年11期

【摘要】：本文以市场集中度为核心,运用数理模型研究集中度形成过程中的成本、利润和商品价格之间的数量关系。研究表明,(1)只要需求弹性小到足以满足特定条件,经济中就存在正的超额利润,并且市场集中度随着超额利润不断增长。即使差额利润消失了,在行业供给满足一定条件的情况下,市场集中度与效率之间的相互关系仍然成立。(2)如果行业成本固定,那么行业单位成本和单位超额利润变化的大小相等,但变化方向相反。要使产出效应能抵消效率效应,必须满足两个条件。(3)在大公司的成本变化一定的情况下,集中度的增长降低行业成本,因为集中度的增长导致了小企业成本更低。而不断增长的集中度意味着当大型公司增加自己的市场份额时,公司的成本和行业成本将很大程度降低。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the mathematical model is used to study the quantitative relationship between the cost, profit and commodity price in the process of forming the concentration degree with the market concentration as the core. The results show that (1) as long as the demand elasticity is small enough to meet the specific conditions, there is positive excess profit in the economy, and the market concentration increases with the excess profit. Even if the differential profit disappears, the relationship between market concentration and efficiency is established if the industry supply meets certain conditions. (2) if the industry costs are fixed, Then the industry unit cost and unit excess profit change is equal, but the direction of change is opposite. In order to make the output effect counteract the efficiency effect, two conditions must be satisfied. (3) under the condition of certain cost change of large company, the increase of concentration reduces the industry cost, because the increase of concentration leads to lower cost of small firm. The growing concentration means that when large companies increase their market share, their costs and industry costs will be greatly reduced.
【作者单位】：北京交通大学经管学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目《煤炭产业组织及政策研究》(12YJA790073)
【分类号】：F062.9;F224

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