《资本论》及其手稿中的分工理论——基于历史唯物主义的视域

发布时间：2018-08-09 06:51

【摘要】：分工是一种重要的社会现象,在社会生活中起着十分重要的作用。作为历史唯物主义范畴的自发分工,涵盖社会生活的经济、政治、思想文化等社会生活的各个方面,是指具有固定专业划分的社会活动形式。分工(包括劳动分工和劳动者分工)具有复杂的结构,形成了庞大的分工体系。资本主义的分工是自发分工发展的最完备的形态,它高于以前各个社会形态的分工,并把以前各个社会形态的分工包括在自身之中。在以生理自然和地理自然为基础的自然分工的基础上,随着社会生产力的发展,先后产生了三次社会大分工。它们属于生产领域的分工,即一般的分工。从原始社会后期产生的,存在于奴隶社会、封建社会和资本主义社会的分工,属于自发分工。自发分工在历史上经历了三种基本形态:自然经济分工、简单商品经济分工、资本主义分工。自发分工只是社会分工发展的一个阶段,它将被未来社会主义社会和共产主义社会的自觉分工所取代。
[Abstract]:Division of labor is an important social phenomenon and plays a very important role in social life. As a category of historical materialism, the spontaneous division of labor covers all aspects of social life, such as economy, politics, ideology and culture. Division of labor (including division of labor and division of labor) has a complex structure, forming a huge division of labor system. The division of labor in capitalism is the most complete form of the spontaneous division of labor, which is higher than the division of labor in the previous social forms, and the division of labor of the previous social forms is included in itself. On the basis of natural division of labor based on physiological nature and geographical nature, along with the development of social productive forces, three great social division of labor emerged successively. They belong to the division of labor in the field of production, that is, the general division of labor. The division of labor in slave society, feudal society and capitalist society, which originated from the later primitive society, belongs to the spontaneous division of labor. Spontaneous division of labor has experienced three basic forms in history: natural economic division, simple commodity economic division and capitalist division of labor. Spontaneous division of labor is only a stage of the development of social division of labor, which will be replaced by the conscious division of labor in future socialist society and communist society.
【作者单位】：北京大学哲学系;北京大学中国特色社会主义理论体系研究中心;
【分类号】：F091.91;A811;B03

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