对福格尔关于铁路与经济增长关系理论的研究
发布时间：2018-09-12 18:42
【摘要】： 本文详细介绍了计量历史学派的代表人物福格尔运用反事实历史图象描述的方法,他假设美国不存在铁路的情况下,水路将是铁路的最好替代物,从农产品的运输开始提出了社会节约量的概念,从地区间分布和地区内分布的角度出发运用计量历史学的方法分析了社会节约量的大小,以社会节约量为基础来衡量铁路对于美国经济发展的贡献,并得出了铁路对于美国经济发展并不必要、水运也能提供很好替代的结论。然而,福格尔关于铁路与经济增长关系的理论,存在着种种局限性。他只是从铁路能够节约多少运输成本的角度出发论证铁路对于经济增长的重要性,他忽视了铁路对于扩大市场规模的影响,没有从规模经济的角度来论证铁路对经济增长的作用。本文借鉴了杨格关于产业分工和市场规模的关系的理论,从铁路使得速度的经济性成为可能,降低了运输成本形成了美国统一市场、对现代发达经济的基础设施的形成以及大量生产和大量分配企业及现代工业企业的出现五个方面的影响,分析铁路的出现所带来的工业的规模经济,来反驳福格尔的观点。最后,得出像铁路这样的交通基础设施是经济发展和市场经济运行的基本条件和必要前提,我国需要采取适当超前的交通发展战略,促进经济增长的结论。
[Abstract]:This paper introduces in detail the method used by Vogel, a representative of the school of econometric history, to describe the history of counter-fact. He assumes that if there is no railway in the United States, the waterway will be the best substitute for the railway. The concept of social saving is put forward from the point of view of the transportation of agricultural products, and the magnitude of social saving is analyzed by means of econometric history from the point of view of regional distribution and distribution within regions. The contribution of railway to American economic development is measured on the basis of social economization, and the conclusion is drawn that railway is not necessary for American economic development and waterway can provide a good substitute. However, Vogel's theory on the relationship between railway and economic growth has various limitations. He only argued the importance of railways for economic growth from the point of view of how much transportation costs could be saved by railways, ignoring the impact of railways on expanding the size of the market. The function of railway to economic growth has not been demonstrated from the angle of scale economy. Based on Yang GE's theory on the relationship between industrial division of labor and market scale, this paper makes the economy of speed possible by railway, and reduces the transportation cost to form a unified market in the United States. In order to refute Vogel's point of view, this paper analyzes the scale economy of industry brought by the emergence of railway, which affects the formation of infrastructure and mass production and distribution of enterprises and the emergence of modern industrial enterprises in modern developed economy. Finally, it is concluded that transportation infrastructure such as railway is the basic condition and prerequisite of economic development and market economy operation, and that our country should adopt appropriate advanced traffic development strategy to promote economic growth.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：F224;F530;F061.2
本文编号：2239903
[Abstract]:This paper introduces in detail the method used by Vogel, a representative of the school of econometric history, to describe the history of counter-fact. He assumes that if there is no railway in the United States, the waterway will be the best substitute for the railway. The concept of social saving is put forward from the point of view of the transportation of agricultural products, and the magnitude of social saving is analyzed by means of econometric history from the point of view of regional distribution and distribution within regions. The contribution of railway to American economic development is measured on the basis of social economization, and the conclusion is drawn that railway is not necessary for American economic development and waterway can provide a good substitute. However, Vogel's theory on the relationship between railway and economic growth has various limitations. He only argued the importance of railways for economic growth from the point of view of how much transportation costs could be saved by railways, ignoring the impact of railways on expanding the size of the market. The function of railway to economic growth has not been demonstrated from the angle of scale economy. Based on Yang GE's theory on the relationship between industrial division of labor and market scale, this paper makes the economy of speed possible by railway, and reduces the transportation cost to form a unified market in the United States. In order to refute Vogel's point of view, this paper analyzes the scale economy of industry brought by the emergence of railway, which affects the formation of infrastructure and mass production and distribution of enterprises and the emergence of modern industrial enterprises in modern developed economy. Finally, it is concluded that transportation infrastructure such as railway is the basic condition and prerequisite of economic development and market economy operation, and that our country should adopt appropriate advanced traffic development strategy to promote economic growth.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：F224;F530;F061.2
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 任倩;铁路运输业发展对我国就业的影响研究[D];北京交通大学;2012年
，本文编号：2239903
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