基于机会均等思想的收入分配研究述评

发布时间：2018-10-11 07:33

【摘要】：当代分配正义理论中的机会均等思想被引入收入分配研究。经济学家将机会均等思想公式化,并从如下三个方面扩展收入分配研究:(1)经验测度现实社会收入分配机会不均等状况;(2)设计与评价收入分配机会均等化政策;(3)将分配不公定义为机会不均等,并考察其对长期经济发展的影响。基于对上述研究进展的评述,得到如下结论与启示:(1)当前各国收入差距中相当比例源于机会不均,在中国最重要的机会不均因素是社会关系,这为通过机会均等化缓解收入差距提供了经验依据;(2)机会均等思想可操作,罗默的EOp分析框架能帮助我们基于经验数据事先设计与事后评价机会均等化政策;(3)理论与实证分析均表明,机会不均对经济绩效具有负向效应,公平与效率并不冲突。
[Abstract]:The thought of equal opportunity in the theory of distribution justice is introduced into the study of income distribution. Economists formulates the idea of equal opportunities, And from the following three aspects to expand the income distribution research: (1) empirical measurement of real social income distribution opportunity inequality; (2) design and evaluation of income distribution opportunities equalization policy; (3) unfair distribution is defined as unequal opportunities. And investigate its impact on long-term economic development. Based on the review of the above research progress, the following conclusions and revelations are obtained: (1) at present, a considerable proportion of the income gap among countries originates from inequality of opportunity, and the most important factor of inequality of opportunity in China is social relations. This provides an empirical basis for alleviating the income gap through equalization of opportunities; (2) the idea of equal opportunities is operable. Romer's EOp analysis framework can help us to design and evaluate the opportunity equalization policy based on empirical data. (3) both theoretical and empirical analysis show that opportunity inequality has a negative effect on economic performance and fairness and efficiency do not conflict.
【作者单位】：浙江大学中国农村发展研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(70573090)
【分类号】：F014.4

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