古代农村土地制度思想的考察

发布时间：2018-11-17 20:54

【摘要】： 中国是一个以农业为主体的社会,土地权力的界定及相互关系的处理是其最重要的问题。从现实情况来看,虽然1978年后建立起来的联产承包制激发了巨大的经济效率,但是总体上中国目前的地权关系仍不能令人满意。我们知道制度思想的发展具有“历史路径依赖”的特征,通过对中国古代各种土地制度思想的考察,以求能找到适合当前中国社会的土地制度是本文写作的目的。中国古代土地制度几经变革,井田、限田、均田等反映着不同的思想,但总体而言,他们包含着共同的制度思想,即通过对土地所有权的界定和对使用权的有效配置促进封建农业生产力的发展。古代丰富的土地分配和契约思想为我们从制度经济学及从经济效率角度研究中国古代土地思想提供了坚实的资料基础。本文也希望通过运用现代经济学的理论和分析工具对古代农村土地思想的演变进行把握和梳理,找到“历史路径”,对现今的土地制度给出自己的意见。根据经济学中定义,经济活动是人们在各种制约下做出的最合适的选择以求获得最大化的经济利益。所谓制约就包括经济活动决定权的归属的问题,即取决于产权制度的结构。而其中最为重要的就是所有权和使用权这对关系。通过对土地制度思想中所有权和使用权这对关系的解读能帮助我们找到思想发展的脉络,而通过检验与这些思想相对应我国古代农村土地制度所创造出的农业生产力,能帮助我们理解这些思想的进步意义和“进化”路径。
[Abstract]:China is a society with agriculture as its main body. The definition of land rights and the handling of their interrelations are the most important issues. In reality, although the joint production contract system established after 1978 has stimulated great economic efficiency, the present land ownership relationship in China is still unsatisfactory. We know that the development of the thought of institution has the characteristic of "historical path dependence". The purpose of this paper is to find out the land system suitable for the present Chinese society through the investigation of various land system thoughts in ancient China. In ancient China, the land system changed several times, such as mine fields, restricted fields, and even fields, which reflected different ideas, but in general, they contained common institutional ideas. Namely through the definition of land ownership and the effective allocation of the right to use to promote the development of feudal agricultural productivity. The abundant land allocation and contract thought in ancient times provided us with a solid material foundation for studying the ancient land thought of China from the angle of institutional economics and economic efficiency. This article also hopes to use the modern economics theory and the analysis tool to grasp and comb the ancient rural land thought evolution, to find the "historical path", to present the land system to give its own opinion. According to the definition of economics, economic activity is the most suitable choice that people make under various constraints in order to maximize economic benefits. The so-called restriction includes the ownership of the right to decide economic activities, that is, it depends on the structure of the property right system. The most important one is the relationship between ownership and right of use. Through the interpretation of the relationship between ownership and right of use in the thought of land system, we can find the thread of thought development, and by examining the agricultural productivity created by the ancient rural land system of our country, we can find out the thread of thought development. It helps us to understand the progressive meaning and evolutionary path of these ideas.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：F092.2;F321.1

【相似文献】