杰斐逊重农主义和汉密尔顿重工商主义的分歧、竞争与融合
发布时间：2018-12-15 19:27
【摘要】：美国早期历史上存在两条国民经济发展路线主张,即杰斐逊重农主义和汉密尔顿重工商主义。两者在思想和政策方面存在分歧,即,在经济思想方面,前者思想乃对法国重农学派和亚当.斯密古典自由主义政治经济学进行美国本土化创新的成果,即美国重农主义思想;后者思想乃欧洲古典重商主义和汉密尔顿制造业保护主义思想;在经济政策方面,前者主张大力发展北美大陆扩张性农业经济,同时发展作为农业的"仆人"的手工业和家庭制造业,主张实行"自由放任"国内经济政策和"自由贸易"国际商业政策;后者主张在发展农业经济同时,大力发展工业尤其是工厂制造业和商业,主张实行制造业保护主义政策和重商主义政策。在政治经济利益与国家发展前景方面存在竞争。两者又具有诸多内在契合性、相容性或一致性。在应对国际重商主义体系挑战、民族国家经济发展危机及在满足国民经济发展转型需求下,两者在1789年联邦国民经济发展路线中实现了融合,并达成共识:通过建构联邦统一的国民经济发展路线,在联邦国民经济一体化、受保护的国内市场扩大化和一体化中,两者各得其所地发展、相互促进地发展。
[Abstract]:In the early history of the United States, there were two lines of national economic development, namely Jefferson's emphasis on agriculture and Hamilton's emphasis on business. There are differences in thought and policy between the two, that is, in the economic thought, the former thought is the French school of emphasis on agriculture and Adam. Smith's classical liberalism political economy is the result of the innovation of American localization, that is, American agriculturalism thought, the latter thought is European classical mercantilism and Hamilton manufacturing protectionism thought. In terms of economic policy, the former advocated vigorously developing the expansionary agricultural economy of the North American continent, and at the same time developed handicrafts and household manufacturing as "servants" of agriculture. Advocate "laissez-faire" domestic economic policy and "free trade" international commercial policy; The latter advocates the development of industry, especially factory manufacturing and commerce, and the implementation of protectionist and mercantilist policies while developing agricultural economy. There is competition between political and economic interests and the prospect of national development. They also have a lot of inherent consistency, compatibility or consistency. In response to the challenges of the international mercantilism system, the crisis of the economic development of the nation-state and the need to meet the needs of the transformation of the national economic development, the two achieved their integration in the course of the development of the federal national economy in 1789. And reached a consensus: through the construction of the federal unified national economic development line, in the federal national economic integration, the protected domestic market expansion and integration, the two have their own advantages and promote the development of each other.
【作者单位】： 武汉大学历史学院;武汉大学经济与管理学院;
【分类号】：F091.3
本文编号：2381167
[Abstract]:In the early history of the United States, there were two lines of national economic development, namely Jefferson's emphasis on agriculture and Hamilton's emphasis on business. There are differences in thought and policy between the two, that is, in the economic thought, the former thought is the French school of emphasis on agriculture and Adam. Smith's classical liberalism political economy is the result of the innovation of American localization, that is, American agriculturalism thought, the latter thought is European classical mercantilism and Hamilton manufacturing protectionism thought. In terms of economic policy, the former advocated vigorously developing the expansionary agricultural economy of the North American continent, and at the same time developed handicrafts and household manufacturing as "servants" of agriculture. Advocate "laissez-faire" domestic economic policy and "free trade" international commercial policy; The latter advocates the development of industry, especially factory manufacturing and commerce, and the implementation of protectionist and mercantilist policies while developing agricultural economy. There is competition between political and economic interests and the prospect of national development. They also have a lot of inherent consistency, compatibility or consistency. In response to the challenges of the international mercantilism system, the crisis of the economic development of the nation-state and the need to meet the needs of the transformation of the national economic development, the two achieved their integration in the course of the development of the federal national economy in 1789. And reached a consensus: through the construction of the federal unified national economic development line, in the federal national economic integration, the protected domestic market expansion and integration, the two have their own advantages and promote the development of each other.
【作者单位】： 武汉大学历史学院;武汉大学经济与管理学院;
【分类号】：F091.3
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