水源地生态补偿标准估算——以贵阳鱼洞峡水库为例

发布时间：2019-01-01 13:26

【摘要】：鱼洞河是乌江水系的一个小支流,为下游贵阳市提供饮用水水源。在鱼洞河上下游之间建立生态补偿机制,理论上需要知道上游治理污染和维护生态环境的费用,以及下游对上游提供的生态环境服务的支付意愿。只有下游的支付意愿大于上游的费用,上下游之间的生态补偿机制才有理论可能性。在对上游龙里县汇水区进行实地调研后,重点评估了当地安装沼气系统、坡耕地(≥25°)退耕还林、其他地区的土壤侵蚀防治以及点源污染治理费用,得出上游治理投资费用为199万元,年度费用每年89.2万元-168万元。采用意愿调查法(CVM)对贵阳市自来水用户对上游环境服务的支付意愿进行了评估。采用简单随机抽样方法在贵阳3个区内选取了900户作为样本,结果表明,有62.7%的人愿意为生态补偿付费。采用PROBIT模型,可以计算出为避免鱼洞河水质恶化的支付意愿均值为0.37元/m3,贵阳市自来水用户总的支付意愿每年达847万元。结果表明在鱼洞河水源地进行上下游生态补偿理论上是可能的,补偿标准介于上游费用与下游支付意愿之间。
[Abstract]:Yudong River is a small tributary of Wujiang River, which provides drinking water for Guiyang city. In order to establish ecological compensation mechanism between upstream and downstream of Yudong River, it is theoretically necessary to know the cost of pollution control and ecological environment maintenance in upstream and the willingness of downstream to pay for the ecological environmental services provided by upstream. Only when the downstream willingness to pay is greater than the upstream cost, the ecological compensation mechanism between upstream and downstream has the theoretical possibility. Based on the field investigation of the catchment area of Longli County in the upper reaches of China, the paper emphatically evaluates the local installation of biogas system, the conversion of sloping farmland (鈮，

本文编号：2397631