考虑碳排放成本的联合运输路径优化研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 15:15

本文关键词： 碳排放联合运输累进碳税机制路径优化　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的日益增长,全球对“低碳化”的关注度也越来越高,许多国家已经开始对碳排放进行碳税政策的实施。因此,未来无论从经济或环境方面考虑,我国都应将碳排放因素在社会发展各个领域问题中提出并重视。交通运输业是我国十大重点产业之一,因此发展“低碳化运输”是很有必要的,而随着我国运输需求的不断增加,单一的运输方式已经越来越无法满足运输最优化的要求。根据研究表明,联合运输是环境友好型的运输模式,能有效降低企业的货物运输成本,减少运输碳排放量和运输时间,并提高运输质量。所以在货物运输方式选择方面,加强联合运输的使用可以有效减少运输碳排放量,降低污染并缓解温室效应。因此,在倡导低碳运输和未来碳税政策的背景下,本文从我国国情出发,综合考虑碳排放和成本因素,通过引入分段累进碳税机制,建立了考虑碳排放成本的联合运输路径优化模型。本文的研究内容可分为如下几个部分:首先,在对国内外重要期刊上的相关文献阅读研究的基础上,通过总结现有文献中的成果和不足,提出本文研究方向与研究重点。然后查阅整理国内外相关文献,明确货物联合运输各不同运输方式的单位运输成本、单位转运成本等,确定联运过程中各运输方式的单位碳排放量和转运碳排放量,并通过引入分段累进碳税机制,将货物联合运输全过程中的碳排放量转化为碳排放成本,为下一步联合运输路径优化模型的建立奠定基础。其次,本文在考虑时间限制约束条件的基础上,采用软时间窗策略,加入时间偏离惩罚函数,分别构建以成本、碳排放量为目标的传统联合运输路径优化模型,并最后结合前两个模型,建立以运输成本、转运成本、其他成本以及货物运输和转运过程中产生的碳排放成本最小为目标的低碳联合运输路径优化模型,并设计遗传算法和Dijkstra-K最短路算法相结合的混合算法,利用Matlab软件编程对该模型进行求解。最后,通过实例分析对本文提出的考虑碳排放成本的联合运输路径优化模型和算法的实用性以及有效性进行验证,并应用某货运企业的实际数据对累进碳税机制的有效性进行讨论分析,对货物运输企业未来在进行联合运输路径和方式的选择决策有一定的参考意义。
[Abstract]:With the increasing social and economic growth, the global attention to "low carbonization" is increasing. Many countries have begun to implement carbon tax policies on carbon emissions. Therefore, in the future, whether from the economic or environmental point of view, In China, carbon emission factors should be put forward and paid attention to in all fields of social development. Transportation industry is one of the ten key industries in China, so it is necessary to develop "low-carbon transportation". However, with the increasing demand of transportation in China, the single mode of transportation has been unable to meet the requirements of transportation optimization. According to the research, combined transportation is an environmentally friendly mode of transportation. It can effectively reduce the cost of transport of goods, reduce the carbon emissions and time of transportation, and improve the quality of transport. Therefore, in the choice of mode of transport of goods, the use of combined transport can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of transport. Therefore, under the background of advocating low-carbon transportation and future carbon tax policy, this paper considers the carbon emission and cost factors comprehensively, and introduces the progressive carbon tax mechanism through the introduction of piecewise progressive carbon tax mechanism. The research contents of this paper can be divided into the following parts: first of all, on the basis of reading the relevant literature in some important journals at home and abroad, By summing up the achievements and shortcomings of the existing literature, this paper puts forward the research direction and research emphases. Then, by referring to the relevant documents at home and abroad, the unit transport cost and unit transit cost of the different modes of combined transport of goods are clarified. Determining the unit carbon emissions and transshipment carbon emissions of each mode of transport during combined transport, and converting carbon emissions from the entire process of joint transport of goods into carbon emission costs through the introduction of a piecewise progressive carbon tax mechanism, Secondly, on the basis of considering the constraints of time constraints, this paper adopts the soft time window strategy, adds the time deviation penalty function, and constructs the cost, respectively. The traditional combined transport path optimization model with carbon emissions as the goal, and finally combined with the first two models, to establish transport costs, transport costs, A low carbon combined transport path optimization model with minimum cost of carbon emissions from other costs and the minimum cost of freight transportation and transshipment is proposed, and a hybrid algorithm based on genetic algorithm and Dijkstra-K shortest path algorithm is designed. The model is solved by Matlab software. Finally, the practicability and validity of the proposed model and algorithm are verified by an example. The validity of the progressive carbon tax mechanism is discussed and analyzed by using the actual data of a freight transport enterprise, which has certain reference significance for the choice of the way and mode of joint transportation in the future.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X322;F512.4

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