公交车燃料补贴资金分配模型研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 06:27

本文选题：公共交通　切入点：燃油补贴　出处：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：以公交车为主体的公共交通客运服务是社会影响广泛的重大民生工程,事实已经证明,国家在2009年为实施石油价格改革而建立的成品油价格补贴制度,在改革过程中发挥了不可或缺的稳定器的作用。燃料补贴制度不仅有力地维护了公共交通行业的稳定,同时也为促进公共交通基本公共服务均等化、方便人民群众的基本出行发挥了重要的基础性、保障性作用。然而,随着公共交通行业的发展,公交车燃料补贴工作也暴露出了一些问题。目前采取"企业申报、管理部门审核"的模式存在诸多弊端,燃料消耗补贴资金分配完全根据燃料消耗量进行分配,例如企业上报的燃料消耗量数据存在较大的主观随意性,由于缺乏数据审核技术,管理部门也难以核实企业上报数据的真实性与准确性,带来了补贴资金发放不公平、不科学的后果,致使经营者上访事件频发,给公共交通行业带来了严重的不稳定因素。因此科学合理制定公交车燃料补贴资金分配模型并开展实施效果评估,实现补贴资金的精细化和科学化的管理,对于促进公交车行业的健康稳定发展具有重要意义。本文通过文献查阅、理论分析与实地座谈调研,在充分整理相关研究成果和文献资料的基础上,系统梳理了我国公交车燃料价格补助工作的落实现状与发展趋势,分析了现存问题;通过全面分析车辆燃料消耗量的影响因素,结合政策的导向性、客观性与可操作性原则,重点选取了影响公交车燃料消耗水平的主要因素及其影响程度,如道路条件、燃料类型、车长、车龄、功率/排放、拥堵程度等,以确定标准车型和换算系数的方法建立了公交车燃料消耗量定额计算指标体系和补贴资金分配模型;并根据收集的样本数据对公交车燃料消耗量进行了回归、标定与实证分析;最后以2015年度公交车燃料价格补助实际发生的数据为例,对指标体系和资金分配模型的可行性及有效性进行验证。结果表明,论文提出的定额分配指标体系与计算方法是科学合理的,具备进一步推广的条件和价值,与传统按"报多少补多少"的补贴方式相比,更加能够保证公平性。
[Abstract]:The public transport passenger transport service with the bus as the main body is a major project of people's livelihood with wide social influence. Facts have proved that in 2009, the state established the subsidy system of refined oil price for the implementation of oil price reform. The fuel subsidy system not only maintains the stability of the public transport industry powerfully, but also promotes the equalization of basic public services in public transport. The basic travel convenience for the masses has played an important basic and supportable role. However, with the development of the public transport industry, the bus fuel subsidy work has also exposed some problems. The "management audit" model has many drawbacks. The allocation of fuel consumption subsidy funds is entirely based on fuel consumption. For example, the fuel consumption data reported by enterprises is more subjective and arbitrary, due to the lack of data audit technology. It is also difficult for the management department to verify the authenticity and accuracy of the data reported by the enterprises, which has resulted in unfair and unscientific distribution of subsidized funds, resulting in frequent cases of business operators petitioning. It has brought serious unstable factors to the public transportation industry. Therefore, the scientific and reasonable allocation model of the bus fuel subsidy funds and the implementation effect evaluation will be carried out to realize the fine and scientific management of the subsidy funds. It is of great significance to promote the healthy and stable development of the bus industry. Through literature review, theoretical analysis and field discussion and investigation, this paper fully collates the relevant research results and literature. This paper systematically combs the status quo and development trend of bus fuel price subsidy in China, analyzes the existing problems, analyzes the influencing factors of vehicle fuel consumption, combines the policy orientation, objectivity and maneuverability principle. The main factors affecting bus fuel consumption are selected, such as road condition, fuel type, vehicle length, age, power / emission, congestion, etc. The calculation index system of bus fuel consumption quota and the allocation model of subsidy fund are established by the method of determining standard vehicle type and conversion coefficient, and the bus fuel consumption is regressed, calibrated and empirically analyzed according to the collected sample data. Finally, taking the actual data of bus fuel price subsidy in 2015 as an example, the feasibility and effectiveness of the index system and fund allocation model are verified. The quota distribution index system and calculation method proposed in this paper are scientific and reasonable, and have the condition and value of further popularization. Compared with the traditional subsidy method of "how much to compensate", it can guarantee fairness more.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F812.45;F572

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