铁海联运条件下煤炭运输径路优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 17:00

本文选题：煤炭运输　切入点：铁路直达运输　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国的煤炭生产、消费格局确定了“西煤东调、北煤南运”的运输格局,其中“铁海联运”在我国煤炭运输中占有重要的地位和作用。近年来,北方煤炭“铁海联运”系统能力正逐渐完善,一批重大煤码头和铁路通道项目陆续开通。由此,一套科学的煤炭铁海联运径路方案,有利于实现煤炭的高效运输以及铁路与海运的合理分工,并且有助于促进煤炭运输基础设施健康和可持续发展。因此,研究煤炭的铁海联运径路优化问题,对于构建科学高效的煤炭铁海综合运输体系,完善煤炭运输市场分工与布局,具有重要的理论和实际意义。基于此背景,本文的主要研究工作包括:首先,通过对我国近年来煤炭供需现状的分析,判断煤炭运输的基本格局,以此为基础对我国煤炭铁海联运的组织模式和运行特点进行论述,并分别从煤炭消费布局变化、高速铁路开通、煤炭去产能政策三重因素分析其对煤炭铁海联运的影响。其次,分别从铁路煤运通道、北方下海港口、东南沿海接卸港口三个维度,对我国煤炭铁海联运的基础设施布局现状和发展趋势进行阐述和分析。再次,以多商品流模型作为构建煤炭铁海联运径路优化模型的基础模型,同时融入运筹学TP问题的建模思想,充分考虑煤炭铁海联运各个环节的费用支出情况,构建铁海联运条件下煤炭运输径路优化模型,对我国煤炭铁海联运组织模式进行了有效刻画,同时线性规划模型的构造也为模型的求解和最终决策方案的提出创造了有利条件。最后,构造了我国煤炭铁海综合运输拓扑网络并基于此对模型进行计算和验证分析,分别从煤炭运输径路、北方港口煤炭下水情况、南方沿海地区煤炭接卸及转运情况、各煤炭基地的库存变化情况四个方面对算例结果进行了分析。理论优化结果表明,未来在我国煤炭供需总体下降、铁路网货运能力相对充裕的情况下,煤炭运输经铁路直达的比例有所提升,北方港口的下水量也将明显减少。
[Abstract]:The pattern of coal production and consumption in China has determined the transportation pattern of "coal from west to east, coal from north to south", in which "iron-sea transport" plays an important role in coal transportation in China. The capacity of the "iron-sea intermodal transport" system for coal in the north is gradually improving, and a number of major coal terminals and railway passage projects have been opened one after another. As a result, a scientific plan for coal iron-sea combined transport routes has been developed. This is conducive to the efficient transport of coal and the rational division of labour between railways and seaborne, and to the promotion of a healthy and sustainable development of coal transport infrastructure. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to construct a scientific and efficient coal iron-sea comprehensive transportation system and to perfect the division of labor and layout of coal transport market. Based on this background, the main research work of this paper includes: first, By analyzing the present situation of coal supply and demand in China in recent years, judging the basic pattern of coal transportation, this paper discusses the organization mode and operation characteristics of coal iron-sea combined transport in China, and changes the distribution of coal consumption respectively. With the opening of high-speed railway, the influence of coal deproductivity policy on coal iron-sea transport is analyzed. Secondly, from three dimensions of railway coal transport channel, northern Xihai port, southeast coastal port, This paper expounds and analyzes the present situation and development trend of the infrastructure layout of coal iron-sea intermodal transport in China. Thirdly, the multi-commodity flow model is used as the basic model to construct the coal iron-sea combined transport route optimization model. At the same time, combining with the modeling idea of TP problem in operational research, considering the cost and expenditure of each link in the coal iron-sea intermodal transport, the optimization model of the coal transport path under the iron-sea combined transport condition is constructed. The organization model of coal iron-sea transport in China is described effectively. At the same time, the construction of linear programming model also creates favorable conditions for solving the model and putting forward the final decision scheme. Based on the topology network of coal iron-sea transportation in China, the paper calculates and verifies the model, including coal transport path, coal sewerage in northern port, coal unloading and transportation in southern coastal areas, etc. Four aspects of inventory change of coal bases are analyzed. The theoretical optimization results show that, in the future, the coal supply and demand in China will fall overall, and the freight transportation capacity of railway network will be relatively abundant. Coal transportation by rail direct proportion has increased, the northern port will also significantly reduce the amount of water.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U116;F512.4;F426.21

【参考文献】