政府管制对北京市网约车市场均衡的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 05:19

本文选题：网约车 + 出租车　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着"互联网+"的不断发展,在传统出租车市场出现了网约车这一新的出租汽车运营模式。网约车因其技术手段的革新,在相对封闭的传统出租车市场引入新的竞争,让消费者得到实惠,具有正向社会效益;而另一方面,快速增长的网约车影响了传统出租车司机的收入,在本已拥堵的城市道路上增加了机动车行驶量。是否需要对网约车的数量进行限制?传统出租车的准入、价格和数量管制对网约车已形同虚设,政府对网约车的监管需要创新,尽量做到不干预市场机制以提高出租车行业效率,同时解决市场失灵引发的问题。从目前各地方政府公布的网约车监管细则来看,在如何处理好政府和市场关系这一核心问题上仍然存在模糊认识。首先,没有真正理解和落实如何"发挥市场配置资源的决定性作用"。在网约车服务中,市场能"管"的先让市场"管",政府尽量不干预、不介入。其次,对于如何"更好地发挥政府作用"认识不足。在网约车市场中,由于存在安全性、服务质量无法保障等问题,政府有着监管的责任;但对于车内设施配置、车辆性能指标、车长轴距等问题,政府应交由市场解决,并为市场机制发挥作用创造良好的环境。本文立足于分析政府管制对北京市网约车市场均衡的影响。首先,文章讨论了网约车服务中政府与市场的关系与边界问题,从整体上对如何处理网约车政府和市场关系进行分析;其次,具体介绍了北京市网约车市场发展与政府管制的现状,并对目前政府对北京市网约车市场的管制政策进行梳理,初步分析了政府管制对北京市网约车市场产生的影响;再次,利用模型对政府管制下的北京市网约车市场均衡情况进行研究,得到现有政府管制政策对北京市网约车市场均衡的影响结果:北京市网约车供给量在现有政策条件下没有达到市场最优均衡数量。最后,基于以上分析,对政府应如何管制网约车提出以下政策建议:第一,对网约车市场实施分类管理,对数量的限制应有依据;第二,支持网约车平台实施动态调价;第三,利用网约车平台的信息优势加强监管。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the Internet, a new taxi taxi operation mode has emerged in the traditional taxi market.Because of the innovation of its technical means, the new competition is introduced in the relatively closed traditional taxi market, so that consumers can get benefits and have positive social benefits; on the other hand,The rapid growth of ride-hailing has affected the income of traditional taxi drivers and increased vehicle traffic on already congested urban roads.Is there a need to limit the number of ride-hailing?The traditional taxi access, price and quantity control have been virtually empty. The government should innovate the regulation of the net taxi, try not to interfere with the market mechanism to improve the efficiency of taxi industry, and solve the problem caused by the market failure at the same time.Judging from the detailed regulations of local governments on how to deal with the relationship between the government and the market, there is still a vague understanding on how to deal with the relationship between the government and the market.First of all, there is no real understanding and implementation of how to "give play to the decisive role of market allocation of resources."In the ride-hailing service, the market can "manage" the market first, the government as far as possible do not intervene, do not intervene.Second, the lack of understanding of how to "better play the role of government".In the car market, the government has the responsibility of supervision because of the problems of safety, service quality and so on. However, the government should give the market a solution to the problems such as the allocation of facilities inside the vehicle, the performance index of the vehicle, the long wheelbase of the vehicle, and so on.And for the market mechanism to play a role in creating a good environment.This paper is based on the analysis of the influence of government regulation on the equilibrium of Beijing ride-hailing market.Firstly, the paper discusses the relationship and boundary between government and market in the network ride-hailing service, and analyzes how to deal with the relationship between the government and the market.This paper introduces the current situation of the development and the government regulation of the Beijing net-ride-hailing market, combs the current government's regulation policy on the net-ride-hailing market in Beijing, and preliminarily analyzes the influence of the government regulation on the Beijing net-ride-hailing market; thirdly,The model is used to study the equilibrium situation of Beijing ride-hailing market under the control of the government.The effect of the current government regulation policy on the market equilibrium of Beijing net-ride-hailing market is obtained: under the existing policy conditions, the supply quantity of Beijing net-ride-hailing supply does not reach the optimal equilibrium quantity of the market.Finally, based on the above analysis, the following policy recommendations are put forward to the government on how to regulate the net car rental: first, to implement the classification management of the net car rental market, and to restrict the quantity of the net car market; second, to support the implementation of dynamic price adjustment of the network ride-hailing platform; third, to implement the dynamic price adjustment.Make use of the information advantage of the network car-sharing platform to strengthen the supervision.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630;F724.6;F572.88

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