我国出租车行业运营服务法律规制的研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 06:59

本文选题：出租车行业 + 运营服务　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展、人民生活水平的提高，出租车已经成为城镇居民普遍的出行方式。出租车因安全、舒适、快捷的运营特点深受大众的欢迎。但是近年来人们对出租车行业运营服务质量越来越不满意。主要表现：在目前打车难的情况下，司机罢运；政府仍然对出租车数量进行限制；出租车的数量限制又催生了大量“黑车”的出现，使得消费者的生命财产缺乏保障；出租车经营者缺乏对司机的管理，无法提供规范的服务，消费者的投诉日益频繁。在这样的背景下，本文试图从国家对出租车行业法律规制的角度出发，分析这些问题出现的原因，并结合发达国家对出租车行业规制的经验，，为我国出租车行业运营服务的法律规制提出建议。除引言和结语外，本文分为四个部分。第一部分介绍规制的概念和国家对出租车行业法律规制的原因。本部分从弥补市场缺陷、保护公共利益、遏制权力寻租和防止规制俘获的角度阐述国家放松行政规制、加强法律规制的原因。第二部分分析了我国出租车行业运营服务出现问题的原因。本部分认为主要有三个原因致使出租车运营服务出现问题：对出租车行业法律性质的定位不明确；行政机关对出租车行业多头监管；国家对出租车数量的限制。第三部分考察了国外对出租车行业运营服务的法律规制。首先本部分以三个国家为例介绍了发达国家对出租车行业运营服务的规制措施。美国对出租车行业从严格的数量管制逐渐发展到放松管制。英国的管制主要体现在数量、租价和安全与服务方面。日本对出租车行业运营服务的法律规制在数量上有由严格管制到放松管制，实行租价上下限的规定。然后对这些措施进行归纳总结，使之本土化。第四部分提出我国出租车行业运营服务法律规制的路径。本部分首先从立法的层面提出完善出租车行业运营服务的法律法规，然后从行政部门的角度提出取消准入歧视、放松数量管制、制定租价最高限的管制措施，再从出租车经营者的角度鼓励他们引进技术、转变服务方式、形成品牌竞争，最后从司机的角度提出维护他们的合法权益。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standard, taxi has become a common way for urban residents to travel. Taxis are popular with the public because of their safe, comfortable and fast operation. But in recent years, people are more and more dissatisfied with the service quality of taxi industry. The main manifestations are as follows: at present, the taxi drivers are on strike; the government still restricts the number of taxis; the number of taxis is restricted, and the emergence of a large number of "black cars", which makes the life and property of consumers lack of security; Taxi operators lack of driver management, unable to provide standardized services, consumer complaints are increasingly frequent. Under this background, this paper tries to analyze the causes of these problems from the point of view of the legal regulation of the taxi industry by the state, and combines the experience of the developed countries in the regulation of the taxi industry. Put forward the suggestion for our country taxi profession operation service legal regulation. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into four parts. The first part introduces the concept of regulation and the reasons for the legal regulation of taxi industry. This part expounds the reasons for the state to relax the administrative regulation and strengthen the legal regulation from the angle of making up the market defect, protecting the public interest, restraining the power seeking for rent and preventing the regulation capture. The second part analyzes the reasons for the problems in the operation service of taxi industry in China. This part believes that there are three main reasons for taxi service problems: the legal nature of the taxi industry is not clear; the administration of the taxi industry supervision; the number of national taxi restrictions. The third part examines the foreign legal regulation of taxi service. First of all, this part introduces the regulation measures of taxi operation service in developed countries by taking three countries as an example. The United States has gradually moved from strict quantitative controls to deregulation of the taxi industry. Controls in the UK are mainly in terms of quantity, rental price, and safety and services. The legal regulation of taxi operation service in Japan has the regulation from strict control to deregulation, and carries out the regulation of the upper and lower limit of rental price. Then these measures are summarized and localized. The fourth part puts forward the way of legal regulation of taxi service in our country. This part first puts forward the laws and regulations from the legislative level to improve the taxi industry operation services, then from the perspective of the administrative department to abolish the discrimination of access, relax the quantity control, and formulate the maximum rental price control measures. From the perspective of taxi operators to encourage them to introduce technology, change service mode, form brand competition, and finally from the point of view of drivers to protect their legitimate rights and interests.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F572

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