沿海港口的集装箱空箱优化调度策略研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 23:33

本文选题：海运空箱调运 + 确定目的港策略　；参考：《大连海事大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：经济发展的不平衡导致贸易流失衡,使得集装箱空箱的供给与需求不对称,因此就产生了集装箱的空箱调运,这是困扰航运企业发展经营的重要问题之一。因此,对空箱调运问题进行切实有效的优化,有效的组织和调配空箱流动,降低集装箱空箱的调运成本对所有航运企业都是至关重要的。空箱调运问题已经越来越受到学术界和航运企业的重视,并进行了相应的研究,但目前航运公司大都沿用经验调度的方式。随着集装箱运输实践的深入和时间的推移,提出更加符合实际集装箱运输网络的空箱调运的理论、模型和方法将是十分必要的。全文的主要研究内容如下：从集装箱的流转过程入手,对空箱调运系统进行了界定,将空箱调运问题划分为陆上空箱调运及海上空箱调运。本文重点研究了比陆运空箱调运系统更加复杂的海运空箱调运系统,分别从系统的构成、空箱的需求及供应的角度对其进行了详细的分析。在现有研究成果基础上,针对传统的固定目的港策略提出了一种新的调箱策略：不确定目的港策略。此调箱策略只确定大体空箱流,当空箱装船时并不确定目的港,当到达下一挂靠港口时,根据需求再确定卸箱数量。并针对两种不同的调箱策略分别建立了以综合运输费用最小为目标的数学模型。文章接下来对长期以来困扰航运公司的空箱调运问题进行了定量分析,应用遗传算法来求解海运空箱调运模型,结合实例对空箱调运产生的综合费用进行了详细的分析比较。通过对两种调箱策略的比较结果说明,在贸易平衡模式下,固定目的港策略略有优势,但在常见的贸易不平衡模式中,不确定目的港策略无论在何种空箱需求分布下优势都更加明显。通过对中国沿海港口间空箱调运的计算分析表明,应用遗传算法对海运空箱调运系统进行求解是可行的,可以快速、合理地确定空箱调运最优的数量、地点以及时间,具有一定的实用参考价值,值得深入研究。
[Abstract]:The imbalance of economic development leads to the imbalance of trade flow, which makes the supply and demand of empty container unsymmetrical, so the empty container transportation is produced, which is one of the important problems that puzzles the development and operation of shipping enterprises. Therefore, it is very important for all shipping enterprises to optimize the empty container transportation effectively, organize and allocate the empty container flow effectively, and reduce the cost of empty container transportation. The problem of empty container dispatching has been paid more and more attention to by academia and shipping enterprises, and has been studied accordingly. However, at present, most shipping companies use the method of empirical scheduling. With the development of container transportation practice and the passage of time, it is necessary to put forward the theory of empty container transportation, which is more in line with the actual container transportation network. The main contents of this paper are as follows: starting with the process of container circulation, the empty container dispatching system is defined, and the empty container dispatching problem is divided into land empty container dispatching and sea empty container dispatching. This paper focuses on the study of marine empty container dispatching system, which is more complex than the land empty container dispatching system. It is analyzed in detail from the aspects of system composition, empty container demand and supply. Based on the existing research results, a new tank shunting strategy is proposed for the traditional fixed port of destination strategy: uncertain destination port strategy. When the empty container is loaded, the destination port is not determined, and when the next port is reached, the unloading quantity is determined according to the demand. Aiming at two different shunting strategies, mathematical models aiming at minimum integrated transportation cost are established respectively. Then the paper makes a quantitative analysis of the problem of empty container transportation which has been puzzling shipping companies for a long time, applies genetic algorithm to solve the model of empty container transportation, and makes a detailed analysis and comparison of the comprehensive cost of empty container transportation with examples. The results show that the fixed port strategy has some advantages in the trade balance mode, but in the common trade imbalance mode, the fixed port strategy has some advantages. Uncertain destination port strategy is more obvious under any empty box demand distribution. The calculation and analysis of empty container transportation between Chinese coastal ports show that it is feasible to use genetic algorithm to solve the empty container transportation system, and the optimal quantity, location and time of empty container transportation can be determined quickly and reasonably. It has certain practical reference value and is worthy of further study.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F253.4;F552

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