重要临港产业的空间分布特征及其临港偏好程度的差异性比较

发布时间：2018-07-05 18:27

本文选题：临港产业 + 产业选址　；参考：《热带地理》2014年02期

【摘要】：以钢铁产业、石化产业、汽车制造产业为对象,分析和对比其空间分布特征。以这3类产业的大中型企业为样本,依据企业选址的实际数据,构建离散选择模型,基于模型中效用函数系数,研究这3类临港产业选址行为的差异,尤其是偏好"选址临港地区"程度的差异。同时,从原材料来源、海运方式分担率、产品需求分布等方面分析3类产业临港偏好程度差异的原因。研究发现:1)石化产业靠近沿海沿江区域的现象最明显,其离散程度介于钢铁产业和汽车制造产业之间;钢铁产业除选址在沿海沿江地区外,还有部分选址在离矿山较近的内陆地区,其离散程度最大;而汽车制造产业选址靠近沿海区域的现象不显著,其离散程度最小。2)产业选址效用随到港口、原材料供应地、产品市场可达性的提高而增加,随地价和劳动力成本的上升而减少。3)从标定的选址效用函数的各项系数看,3类产业选址时对主要影响因素的重视程度有所不同,这可以反过来解释各产业临港偏好程度的差异性。4)临港产业临港需求的产生主要受产业运输成本驱动,表现在利用海运方式降低原材料运输成本以及就近服务于产品需求地以降低内陆运输成本2方面。经比较发现石化产业的综合运输成本高于钢铁产业,因此石化产业表现出最强的临港偏好程度。
[Abstract]:The spatial distribution characteristics of iron and steel industry, petrochemical industry and automobile manufacturing industry are analyzed and compared. Taking the large and medium-sized enterprises of these three kinds of industries as samples, according to the actual data of enterprise location, the discrete selection model is constructed. Based on the utility function coefficient in the model, the difference of the location behavior of these three types of industries near port is studied. In particular, preference for the "location of the port area" degree of difference. At the same time, this paper analyzes the reasons for the difference of the preference of the three industries in terms of the source of raw materials, the sharing rate of shipping mode and the distribution of product demand. It is found that the phenomenon of petrochemical industry near the coastal area along the river is the most obvious, and its dispersion is between the steel industry and the automobile manufacturing industry, and the iron and steel industry is located in the coastal area along the Yangtze River. Some of the sites are located in the inland areas near the mine, and their dispersion is the largest, but the phenomenon of the automobile manufacturing industry location near the coastal area is not significant, and its dispersion is the smallest (.2) the utility of the industrial location is followed by the port, where the raw materials are supplied. With the increase of product market accessibility, with the increase of land price and labor cost, the degree of attention to the main influencing factors is different. This can in turn explain the difference in the degree of preference for port proximity among industries. 4) the demand for port proximity is mainly driven by industrial transport costs. The main results are as follows: to reduce the transportation cost of raw materials by sea transportation and to reduce the cost of inland transportation by serving the demand of products nearby. It is found that the comprehensive transportation cost of petrochemical industry is higher than that of iron and steel industry, so petrochemical industry has the strongest preference for port.
【作者单位】：大连海事大学交通运输管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51078049) 教育部人文社科基金项目(09YJA790021)
【分类号】：F552.7

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