乌海市海勃湾区交通问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 09:17

本文选题：乌海市 + 海勃湾区　；参考：《内蒙古师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：自改革开放以来，随着国家经济建设和社会各项事业的飞速发展，人、车、路矛盾日益成为许多大中城市噬待解决的问题。乌海市作为西部城市也存在同样的问题。建市三十多年来，我市道路交通建设已初具规模，但与车辆、人口的猛增不相适应，尤其是市政府所在地海勃湾城区道路拥堵问题日益突出，形势非常严峻，社会各界对此意见很大，解决人、车、路存在的矛盾是当前乃至今后一个时期的重要课题，应该引起我们交通管理者和决策者的高度重视。笔者在深入开展调查研究的基础上，试图结合海勃湾区的人、车、路交通情况就人、车、路矛盾及产生的原因和解决对策谈一些管窥之见，以期抛砖引玉之效。在关于城区道路交通管理规划的目的上，我认为提供该不该管、什么时侯管、怎样管、管什么等问题的解决方法是关键。通过规划，人们能了解到管理实施后的成效，以免由于不恰当管理而造成政策上的不均衡和经济上的重大损失。例如：城区道路交通现况调查、现况分析与问题的判断、城区交通需分析通过交通需求模式的建成和估算、城区交通管理方式的确立等等。世界当前城区交通正进入信息化新时代，衡量目前城区现代化水平的重要标志是道路的建设、客运货运和交管组成的快速、方便舒服、有效的城区交通系统。提高现代化水平，既是城区交通发展的趋势，也是现代化建设的必经之路。然而，随着我国国民经济的迅速发展和城区化进程的加速，怎样解决城区交通问题已经是城区可持续发展的一个重要课题，城区道路交通管理工作也面临着重要的挑战。为了保证城区交通合理，正确有效发展，就要从城区交通系统的内在体制及其与外部环境条件之间的相互作用关系出发来进行合理的交通管理规划。城市交通随城市的发展而产生，随社会的进步而演化，具有高度的复杂性。交通工程、城市规划、系统工程、环境工程、信息与控制工程、行为科学、管理科学等多学科均属于城市交通的研究领域。在交通流理论、交通需求预测、交通规划与管理、交通环境科学、交通安全保障、交通模拟仿真、智能化交通系统等方面自20世纪50年代以来，世界各国学者均作了大量理论与应用工作。然而大部分研究停留在缓解城市交通拥堵的“治标”层面上，成果对城市交通问题的解决仍然具有相当的局限性和被动性，原因在于缺少对城市交通动态平衡机理的深刻认识，缺少对造成城市交通拥堵原因的深层次剖析。要建立起以交通需求与交通供给的耦合与控制为基础的主动式交通供需平衡理论体系，对我国城市交通系统的发展模式将产生重要影响，并能实现我国城市交通系统的规划、建设与管理从被动适应向主动控制的根本转变。中国城区公共交通，研究成果多样化,涉及范围很广,其建设策略从宏观的角度研究了中国公交优先发展的理论与实践,结合公共交通政策法规和发展公共交通的技术措施方面,论述了公交优先的实施办法；以中国公共交通发展现状分析和国外城区优先发展公交的实施办法研究为依据,论述了城区公交优先权的发展方向、效果和办法；根据其它城区实施公交优先的现状,提出了公共交通优先发展实施的办法。总的来说,交通建设策略的研究主要是比较分析，较少运用定量模型分析研究。将乌海市海勃湾区的城市交通看成一个系统，以动态平衡理论为指导，结合城市规划理论，深入探究目前海勃湾区城市交通存在的弊病。针对问题，切实提出对策。如载体子系统、运输子系统、管理子系统以及对人的对策。主要研究方法：变量控制、调查问卷、实地走访、地理信息技术、电子数据汇总、监控交通流等方法。随着乌海市海勃湾区城市交通建设及社会经济的快速发展，汽车业迅猛发展，汽车拥有量不断上升，而城市道路承载能力趋于饱和，城市交通管理存在不善，导致城市交通建设中出现了一个难题:交通拥堵。使我们不得不面对拥挤的状况。海勃湾区的社会经济建设正处于快速发展期，海勃湾区的城市道路交通问题也在日益加重，造成交通问题的原因是多方面多层次的，与人口数量，机动车拥有量，居民的人文素养以及价值观念，公共交通设施的不完善等多方面因素有关。交通问题与居民的日常生活关系密切，，尤其是交通安全问题，交通安全牵系到生命的安危，家庭的幸福，社会的和谐稳定。应对海勃湾区快速发展的城市交通，要求我们每一位海勃湾区居民解放思想，紧贴实际，勇于创新，用新理念来来应对现代城市交通所面临的新问题，要根据交通需求和特点，有针对性地、因地制宜地采用不同的交通对策。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of national economic construction and various social undertakings, the contradiction between people, cars and roads is increasingly becoming a problem to be solved in many cities and cities. As a city in the west, Wuhai has the same problem. For more than thirty years, the construction of road traffic in our city has begun to take shape, but with the vehicle, the population has increased rapidly. In particular, the road congestion in the city of Haibowan, especially the city government, is becoming more and more serious. The situation is very serious and the social circles have a great opinion. The contradiction between people, cars and roads is an important issue at present and in the future. We should pay great attention to our traffic managers and decision-makers. On the basis of the investigation, we try to talk about the human, car, road traffic situation in Haibowan district on people, car, road, road, cause and solution.
On the purpose of urban road traffic management planning, I think it is the key to provide a solution to the problems such as the management, how, how and what to manage. Through planning, people can understand the effectiveness of the management, so as to avoid the unbalance of policy and the major economic losses due to improper management. For example: The current survey of urban road traffic, the analysis of the current situation and the judgment of the problems, the urban traffic needs to be analyzed through the construction and estimation of the traffic demand model, the establishment of urban traffic management mode and so on.
The current urban traffic in the world is entering the new era of information. The important symbol of the modernization level of the urban area is the construction of the road, the rapid, convenient and effective urban traffic system, which is composed of the passenger transport and traffic management, and the improvement of the modernization level, which is not only the trend of urban traffic development, but also the only way for modern construction. With the rapid development of our national economy and the acceleration of the process of urban development, how to solve the problem of urban traffic is an important issue in the sustainable development of urban area, and the work of urban road traffic management is also facing important challenges. In order to ensure the reasonable and effective development of urban traffic, the inner system of urban traffic system should be made. And its interaction with external environmental conditions, to carry out reasonable traffic management planning.
Urban traffic comes into being with the development of the city. It evolves with the progress of the society and has high complexity. Traffic engineering, urban planning, system engineering, environmental engineering, information and control engineering, behavioral science and management science are all the research areas of urban traffic. In traffic flow theory, traffic demand prediction, traffic planning and management Since 1950s, scholars all over the world have done a great deal of theory and application in the fields of traffic environment science, traffic safety, traffic simulation, and intelligent transportation system. However, most of the research remains on the "standard" layer to alleviate urban traffic congestion, and the results have still been solved for urban traffic problems. The reason lies in the lack of deep understanding of the mechanism of urban traffic dynamic balance and the lack of deep analysis of the causes of urban traffic congestion. The development mode will have an important impact and realize the fundamental transformation of urban transportation system planning, construction and management from passive adaptation to active control.
The public transportation in urban areas of China is diversified and involves a wide range. Its construction strategy studies the theory and practice of public transport priority development from a macro perspective, and discusses the implementation of public transport priority in combination with public transport policies and regulations and the technical measures for the development of public transport; the development of public transport in China is divided into the present situation. On the basis of the study on the implementation of public transit priority in the urban area, the development direction, the effect and the method of the urban public transport priority are discussed. According to the status of public transport priority in other urban areas, the methods of public transport priority development are put forward. In general, the Research of traffic construction strategy is mainly comparative analysis and less transportation. The quantitative model analysis was used.
Taking the urban traffic of Haibowan District of Wuhai as a system, guided by the theory of dynamic balance and combining the theory of urban planning, this paper deeply explores the disadvantages of urban traffic in Haibowan district. In view of the problems, some countermeasures are put forward, such as the carrier subsystem, the transport subsystem, the management system and the countermeasures to the people.
Main research methods: variable control, questionnaire, field visits, geographic information technology, electronic data collection, monitoring traffic flow and other methods.
With the rapid development of urban traffic construction and social economy in Haibowan District of Wuhai, the automobile industry is developing rapidly, the car ownership is rising, the capacity of the city road is saturated and the urban traffic management is not good, which leads to a difficult problem in the urban traffic construction: traffic congestion makes us have to face the crowded situation.
The social and economic construction in Haibowan is in a period of rapid development, and the urban road traffic problems in Haibowan are becoming more and more serious. The cause of traffic problems is multifaceted, related to many factors, such as the number of people, the quantity of motor vehicles, the people's humanistic quality and values, and the imperfect public transportation facilities.
Traffic problems are closely related to the daily life of the residents, especially the traffic safety. Traffic safety concerns the safety of life, the happiness of the family, and the harmony and stability of the society.
To cope with the rapid development of urban traffic in Haibowan, each of the residents in Haibowan area is required to emancipate their minds, stick to the reality and innovate, and use new ideas to deal with the new problems faced by modern urban traffic. According to the traffic demand and characteristics, we should adopt different traffic countermeasures according to local conditions.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F512

【参考文献】