高铁的引入对韩国民航业发展的影响分析
发布时间：2018-07-13 20:28
【摘要】：对于在不同交通方式之间选择来说，各种交通方式的时间价值和价格差异可以说消费者选择不同交通方式时最重要的影响因素。随着交通方式的发展，汽车、火车、海运、航空曾经凭借各自的优缺点划分运输市场。但是各种交通方式通过增加速度、提高安全性、降低成本、改善服务等等的办法打破和其他交通方式的界限，并使得各种交通方式之间的界限越来越模糊。而且随着国民收入的增加，使得消费者可以选择的交通方式范围更加宽泛。虽然各国有一定差异，但是最近随着各地区公路网建设和扩充，铁路和民航市场正承受着很大影响。 随着韩国国内交通方式的发展，针对各种交通方式间的影响和波及效果的分析和讨论也从2000年高铁的建设的确定以后开始了。比较早引入高铁的国家已经开始了与航空公司的市场竞争格局，并逐渐蚕食着相当份额的短线需求。同时廉价航空的出现也迎来了新一轮市场变化。韩国国内航线不得不通过大规模的改编来和高铁进行竞争了，同时应该摸索出可以相互共存的道路。这论文以随着最近高铁和廉价航空的普及、交通市场开始迎来较大变化的韩国交通产业为主题，着重研究未来交通方式发达化带来的变化，努力为提出各种运输业的生存战略、相互为共存所做的努力和未来的发展方向，预测其他国家积极促进高铁建设的可能带来的未来变化等方面提供基本的研究材料。 在第2章重点考察韩国民航和高铁产业的发展的基本态势。主要分析目前的两大代表性航空公司大韩航空和韩亚航空的旅客事业的走势、飞机拥有量现状、雇员规模，并对2005年起开始的韩国廉价航空现状进行分析。同时重点关注韩国铁路运输和高铁发展的现状。 第3章以引入高铁给民航业带来变化的实例为主要分析内容。尤其对发展高铁已经有一段时期的日本、法国及最近在建设、运营中的中国等国家进行重点考察，研究了高铁开通后航空公司的变化及对策。 第4章是民航与高铁间竞争力分析。高铁的引入给韩国民航带来了多种多样的变化。在这论文关于民航产业的主要变化中研究了3个方面：第一，，航线和枢纽机场的变化；第二，投入专门用来换乘的国内航线飞机；第三，飞机的引进和服务的差别化。关于高铁产业的变化，考察了韩国铁路网的改善，改善服务和扩大事业范围，技术的发展等领域。而且本论文中通过预测模型对京釜高铁开通带来的首尔-大邱线路的航空需求变化进行了分析。和研究民航跟高铁的合作。 第5章重点考察韩国交通产业发展的政策分析与对策建议。随着高铁的正式开通和国内航线的减少也给国家的民航交通战略带来了大的变化。受当前国内航线减少的影响，使用闲置的飞机、提高机场设施的利用，提高效率等等成为了政府需要推动解决的课题。2000年前韩国政府尽力保持了保护本国航空公司的基本框架，但是2000年以后只要符合国家的利益，就开始通过积极的航空协商来促进航空自由化。同时，韩国政府扩大了新航空公司的市场参与（特别是廉价航空），一直努力争取消费者的权益。韩国政府的判断是到目前对于陆海空的交通政策和公路、铁路、机场、港口等国家机关交通设施的扩充相互没有相关性，各部门分别处理，完成国家交通政策目标存在局限。这不是一个单纯的公路、铁路、机场、港口的设施安排，而是从构建国家综合交通系统(NationalIntermodalism)的层面上，谋求交通行政政策一体化。建立绿色物流体系是未来的交通政策的制定中必须要包含的重要课题。以后控制二氧化碳排放量多的公路需求，促进公共交通的发展、强化交通手段间有机合作成为了主要目标。 作为本文的结论，在前文分析的基础上重点探索今后高铁和民航运输的互补性和共同发展问题。公路、铁路、机场、港口建设等社会间接资本的扩充虽然是国家经济成长的必须要素，但是需要预算和时间，并且效果也是长期才能得以体现，应该准备长期的社会间接资本和设施的投资、扩充计划，促进其相关作用。国家在打造包括最近技术发展很快的飞机和高铁在内的各种交通手段间的连接性换乘体系，即联合运输系统（Intermodal Transport System），并将国土效率化、生产力提高作为未来的最高目标。将各交通方式有机的连接起来，以综合换乘中心为中心，向国民提供无缝连接的(Seamless)交通网，通过多种方式的连接，提供可以选择最恰当方式的机会。民航和高铁既是竞争关系也是互补关系，目前已经到了应该灵活运用高铁的大量和高速输送的优势，出台可以提升与国际线核心机场的连接程度方案的重要节点。首先，从国家的层面来看，国家应该对民航和高铁的结合方案进行研究，并对高铁与国际航线飞机结合运输等方案进行探究。将来的民航市场环境将会从过去“规定和保护”的模式中脱离出来，更加强调进入到“竞争与合作”的局面。特别是航空自由化的扩大、构造地区综合运输市场、战略合作的变化、廉价航空公司的出现等世界航空市场的环境变化使得航空公司间的竞争更加深化，收支情况进一步恶化。本文对国家之间进行的航线开发竞争和开放天空(OPEN SKY)政策，结合相关事例进行基础研究。迄今为止，有个别的航空公司运用中心辐射(HUBSPOKE)战略,而今后将是航空公司与铁路之间必须要运用中心辐射(HUBSPOKE)策略的时期，应该关注由此而带来的航空公司的战略变化。而且相应的还要努力开发未来交通技术，建设低碳绿色生长型交通体系。
[Abstract]:For the choice of different traffic modes, the time value and price difference of various modes of transportation can be said to be the most important factors for consumers to choose different modes of transportation. With the development of the mode of transportation, cars, trains, shipping, and airlines have used their own advantages and disadvantages to divide the transportation market. The way to increase speed, increase security, reduce costs, improve services, and so on, break down the boundaries of other modes of transportation and make the boundaries between different modes of transportation increasingly blurred. And as the national income increases, consumers can choose to choose the way of transportation more extensive. Although there are certain differences in countries, but recently Along with the construction and expansion of highway network in various regions, the railway and civil aviation market are having a great impact.
With the development of the traffic mode in Korea, the analysis and discussion of the influence and effect of various modes of transportation have also begun after the construction of the high speed rail in 2000. The countries that introduced the high speed rail have begun to compete with the airlines in the market competition pattern, and gradually encroach on the short demand of a considerable share. The emergence of price aviation has also welcomed a new round of market change. South Korea's domestic routes have to compete with the high speed rail through large-scale adaptation. At the same time, we should find a way to coexist with each other. With the popularity of the recent high speed rail and cheap aviation, the transportation market has begun to usher in a big change in the Korean transportation industry. The paper focuses on the changes brought about by the development of the transportation mode in the future, and tries to provide basic research materials for the survival strategy of various transportation industries, the efforts made by each other and the direction of future development, and the prediction of the possible future changes in the construction of high speed rail by other countries.
In the second chapter, we focus on the basic situation of the development of the Korean civil aviation and the high speed rail industry. It mainly analyzes the current trend of the two major representative airlines, South Korea and Hana airlines, the current situation of the aircraft ownership, the size of the employees, and the analysis of the present situation of South Korea's low cost aeronautics which began in 2005. At the same time, the emphasis on Han Guotie is focused. The current situation of road transport and the development of high speed rail.
The third chapter is the main analysis of the example of the introduction of high speed rail to the civil aviation industry, especially for the development of high speed rail for a period of time in Japan, France and the recent construction and operation of China and other countries to study the changes and Countermeasures of the airlines after the high speed railway.
The fourth chapter is the analysis of the competitiveness of civil aviation and high speed rail. The introduction of high speed rail brings a variety of changes to the Korean civil aviation. In this paper, there are 3 aspects of the major changes in the civil aviation industry: first, changes in airline and hub airports; second, domestic airline aircraft dedicated to transfer; third, introduction and uniform of aircraft. On the change of the high speed rail industry, the improvement of the South Korean railway network, the improvement of the service and the expansion of the cause and the development of technology are investigated. In this paper, the change of the air demand of the Seoul Daegu line brought about by the Beijing kettle high speed railway is analyzed in this paper.
The fifth chapter focuses on the policy analysis and Countermeasures of the development of the traffic industry in Korea. With the formal opening of the high speed rail and the reduction of domestic routes, the national civil aviation transportation strategy has also brought great changes. The government needs to push for a solution,.2000 years ago, the South Korean government tried to maintain the basic framework for protecting its own airlines, but after 2000, as long as it was in the interest of the country, it began to promote aeronautical liberalization through active aviation consultations. The government's judgment is that there is no correlation between the traffic policies of land and sea, roads, railways, airports, ports and other national transportation facilities, which are dealt with separately, and the national traffic policy goals are limited. This is not a simple road, railway, airport, The establishment of port facilities, but from the construction of the national integrated transportation system (NationalIntermodalism), seeks the integration of traffic administrative policies. The establishment of a green logistics system is an important subject that must be included in the formulation of the future transportation policy. Strengthening the organic cooperation between means of transport has become the main objective.
On the basis of the previous analysis, we should focus on exploring the complementarity and common development of high speed rail and civil aviation in the future. The expansion of social indirect capital, such as highway, railway, airport and port construction, is a necessary element of national economic growth, but it needs pre calculation and time, and the effect is also long-term. It should be prepared to invest in long-term social indirect capital and facilities, expand the plan, and promote its relevance. The state is building a connectivity transfer system, including the Intermodal Transport System, which includes the recent rapid technological development of aircraft and high speed rail, and the efficiency and productivity of the land. It is the highest goal in the future. To connect the modes of transportation organically to the center as the center, to provide the Seamless transportation network to the people, to provide the opportunity to choose the most appropriate way through a variety of ways. Using the advantages of high speed rail and high speed transport, it is an important node to improve the connection degree program with the international core airport. First, from the national level, the state should study the combination of the civil aviation and the high speed rail, and explore the combination of the high speed rail and the international airline aircraft. The air market environment will be separated from the past "regulation and protection" model, and more emphasis is placed on entering the situation of "competition and cooperation". Especially, the expansion of Aeronautical liberalization, the comprehensive transport market in the region, the change of strategic cooperation, the emergence of the world aviation market, such as the emergence of the Budget airline company, etc. The competition is deepened and the balance of revenue and expenditure worsens. In this paper, the policy of developing competition between the countries and the open sky (OPEN SKY) policy is carried out in combination with the relevant cases. So far, some airlines have applied the central radiation (HUBSPOKE) strategy and will be used between airlines and railways in the future. At the time of the HUBSPOKE strategy, we should pay attention to the strategic changes of the airlines brought about by it. And we should also work hard to develop future transportation technology and build a low carbon green growth type transportation system.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F563.126
本文编号：2120646
[Abstract]:For the choice of different traffic modes, the time value and price difference of various modes of transportation can be said to be the most important factors for consumers to choose different modes of transportation. With the development of the mode of transportation, cars, trains, shipping, and airlines have used their own advantages and disadvantages to divide the transportation market. The way to increase speed, increase security, reduce costs, improve services, and so on, break down the boundaries of other modes of transportation and make the boundaries between different modes of transportation increasingly blurred. And as the national income increases, consumers can choose to choose the way of transportation more extensive. Although there are certain differences in countries, but recently Along with the construction and expansion of highway network in various regions, the railway and civil aviation market are having a great impact.
With the development of the traffic mode in Korea, the analysis and discussion of the influence and effect of various modes of transportation have also begun after the construction of the high speed rail in 2000. The countries that introduced the high speed rail have begun to compete with the airlines in the market competition pattern, and gradually encroach on the short demand of a considerable share. The emergence of price aviation has also welcomed a new round of market change. South Korea's domestic routes have to compete with the high speed rail through large-scale adaptation. At the same time, we should find a way to coexist with each other. With the popularity of the recent high speed rail and cheap aviation, the transportation market has begun to usher in a big change in the Korean transportation industry. The paper focuses on the changes brought about by the development of the transportation mode in the future, and tries to provide basic research materials for the survival strategy of various transportation industries, the efforts made by each other and the direction of future development, and the prediction of the possible future changes in the construction of high speed rail by other countries.
In the second chapter, we focus on the basic situation of the development of the Korean civil aviation and the high speed rail industry. It mainly analyzes the current trend of the two major representative airlines, South Korea and Hana airlines, the current situation of the aircraft ownership, the size of the employees, and the analysis of the present situation of South Korea's low cost aeronautics which began in 2005. At the same time, the emphasis on Han Guotie is focused. The current situation of road transport and the development of high speed rail.
The third chapter is the main analysis of the example of the introduction of high speed rail to the civil aviation industry, especially for the development of high speed rail for a period of time in Japan, France and the recent construction and operation of China and other countries to study the changes and Countermeasures of the airlines after the high speed railway.
The fourth chapter is the analysis of the competitiveness of civil aviation and high speed rail. The introduction of high speed rail brings a variety of changes to the Korean civil aviation. In this paper, there are 3 aspects of the major changes in the civil aviation industry: first, changes in airline and hub airports; second, domestic airline aircraft dedicated to transfer; third, introduction and uniform of aircraft. On the change of the high speed rail industry, the improvement of the South Korean railway network, the improvement of the service and the expansion of the cause and the development of technology are investigated. In this paper, the change of the air demand of the Seoul Daegu line brought about by the Beijing kettle high speed railway is analyzed in this paper.
The fifth chapter focuses on the policy analysis and Countermeasures of the development of the traffic industry in Korea. With the formal opening of the high speed rail and the reduction of domestic routes, the national civil aviation transportation strategy has also brought great changes. The government needs to push for a solution,.2000 years ago, the South Korean government tried to maintain the basic framework for protecting its own airlines, but after 2000, as long as it was in the interest of the country, it began to promote aeronautical liberalization through active aviation consultations. The government's judgment is that there is no correlation between the traffic policies of land and sea, roads, railways, airports, ports and other national transportation facilities, which are dealt with separately, and the national traffic policy goals are limited. This is not a simple road, railway, airport, The establishment of port facilities, but from the construction of the national integrated transportation system (NationalIntermodalism), seeks the integration of traffic administrative policies. The establishment of a green logistics system is an important subject that must be included in the formulation of the future transportation policy. Strengthening the organic cooperation between means of transport has become the main objective.
On the basis of the previous analysis, we should focus on exploring the complementarity and common development of high speed rail and civil aviation in the future. The expansion of social indirect capital, such as highway, railway, airport and port construction, is a necessary element of national economic growth, but it needs pre calculation and time, and the effect is also long-term. It should be prepared to invest in long-term social indirect capital and facilities, expand the plan, and promote its relevance. The state is building a connectivity transfer system, including the Intermodal Transport System, which includes the recent rapid technological development of aircraft and high speed rail, and the efficiency and productivity of the land. It is the highest goal in the future. To connect the modes of transportation organically to the center as the center, to provide the Seamless transportation network to the people, to provide the opportunity to choose the most appropriate way through a variety of ways. Using the advantages of high speed rail and high speed transport, it is an important node to improve the connection degree program with the international core airport. First, from the national level, the state should study the combination of the civil aviation and the high speed rail, and explore the combination of the high speed rail and the international airline aircraft. The air market environment will be separated from the past "regulation and protection" model, and more emphasis is placed on entering the situation of "competition and cooperation". Especially, the expansion of Aeronautical liberalization, the comprehensive transport market in the region, the change of strategic cooperation, the emergence of the world aviation market, such as the emergence of the Budget airline company, etc. The competition is deepened and the balance of revenue and expenditure worsens. In this paper, the policy of developing competition between the countries and the open sky (OPEN SKY) policy is carried out in combination with the relevant cases. So far, some airlines have applied the central radiation (HUBSPOKE) strategy and will be used between airlines and railways in the future. At the time of the HUBSPOKE strategy, we should pay attention to the strategic changes of the airlines brought about by it. And we should also work hard to develop future transportation technology and build a low carbon green growth type transportation system.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F563.126
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