宁波公交线路运力模型的建立及实践研究

发布时间：2018-09-04 19:29

【摘要】：随着我国社会经济的持续快速发展，机动化和城市化进程日益加快，城市道路交通正面临着极其严峻的考验，如何解决城市的拥堵，提高市民效率则是摆在城市管理者中的一个难题。而事实证明优先发展公交是一个有效解决途径。但是由于目前公交线路运力配置属于粗放式管理水平，城市公共交通车辆运力配置状况与市民日益增长的出行需求产生了矛盾。如何加强公交运营管理，合理配置公交线路上的车辆运力，提高公交服务水平，实现公交企业经济效益和社会效益的同步提升是城市交通管理者和公交企业迫切需要解决的课题。论文在总结分析国内外公交运营管理研究基础上，着重对公交企业运营管理中的单一公交线路的运力配置及优化进行了研究。分别从客流需求、线路特性、运营特征和车型选择四方面分析了影响公交线路运力配置因素，并且以影响因素为约束条件，结合宁波公交现有车型状况，以公交企业支出的费用与乘客乘车等候时间加权和最小为目标，，建立了宁波公交线路运力配置模型。同时从传统公交客流量采集方法和运用IC卡分析客流量法两方面对模型构建中的线路客流基础数据采集进行了分析。最后，以宁波实际运营的19路公交线路为例，运用设计的数据模型，进行了现有运力的匹配测算，在验证数据模型的同时，也对该线路提出相应的运力配置调整优化意见。本文通过对公交运营管理中的线路运力配置研究，为公交线路运力配置及优化提供了一定的方法，目前该运力配置模型已在宁波公交企业运营管理决策中进行了初步运用，为企业线路运力配置的科学化、精细化管理奠定了一定的基础。
[Abstract]:With the sustained and rapid development of social economy, motorization and urbanization, urban road traffic is facing a severe test. Improving the efficiency of citizens is a difficult problem for city managers. The fact proved that the priority development of public transport is an effective way to solve the problem. However, due to the extensive management level, the urban public transport capacity allocation is in contradiction with the increasing travel demand of citizens. How to strengthen the operation management of public transport, reasonably allocate the capacity of vehicles on the bus line, and improve the level of public transport service, It is an urgent task for urban traffic managers and public transport enterprises to realize the simultaneous promotion of economic and social benefits of public transport enterprises. On the basis of summing up and analyzing the research of bus operation management at home and abroad, this paper focuses on the research on the allocation and optimization of the transportation capacity of a single bus line in the operation and management of public transport enterprises. From four aspects of passenger demand, line characteristics, operation characteristics and vehicle model selection, this paper analyzes the factors affecting the transportation capacity of public transport lines, and takes the influencing factors as the constraint conditions, combining with the status of existing models of Ningbo bus. Taking the cost of public transportation enterprise and the weighted sum of passenger waiting time as the goal, the model of capacity allocation of Ningbo bus line is established. At the same time, the basic data collection of line passenger flow in the construction of the model is analyzed from two aspects: the traditional bus passenger flow collection method and the IC card analysis passenger flow method. Finally, taking the actual operation of 19 bus lines in Ningbo as an example, using the designed data model, the matching calculation of the existing transportation capacity is carried out. While verifying the data model, the paper also puts forward the corresponding suggestions on the optimization of the capacity configuration of the line. Based on the research of line capacity allocation in bus operation and management, this paper provides a certain method for bus line capacity allocation and optimization. At present, this capacity allocation model has been applied in the operation and management decision of Ningbo public transport enterprise. It has laid a certain foundation for the scientific disposition of enterprise line capacity and fine management.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F572.6

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