交通拥堵环境下的城市出租车候时费优化模型

发布时间：2018-09-05 16:35

【摘要】：基于经济学需求理论,将出租车收入分为起步费、里程费与候时费。以出租车运力为约束条件,考虑了高峰时段与非高峰时段的出租车收入影响因素,分析了候时费对出租车需求与收入的影响程度,构建了交通拥堵环境下出租车候时费优化模型。根据北京市出租车市场的实际状况,以原有方案、调整方案与提出的方案3种方案进行实例验证。分析结果表明:当出租车起步费分别为12、14、12元,单位里程费分别为2.0、2.3、2.0元·km-1,候时费分别为24.0、55.2、55.2元·h-1时,出租车收入分别为669.9、504.9、675.9元;在调整方案下,出租车需求下降46.1%,出租车收入下降25%;在提出的方案下,出租车需求下降18.5%,出租车收入与原有方案基本保持稳定。基于现有的出租车费用结构,提出的方案能较好地实现出租车需求与收入的调控目标。北京市的出租车价格改革方案宜稳定或降低起步费与里程费,提高候时费。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of economic demand, the taxi revenue is divided into starting fee, mileage fee and waiting time fee. Taking taxi capacity as the constraint condition, the paper considers the influence factors of taxi revenue during peak and off-peak periods, and analyzes the influence degree of waiting time fee on taxi demand and income. The optimal model of taxi waiting time fee in traffic congestion environment is constructed. According to the actual situation of the taxi market in Beijing, three schemes, the original scheme, the adjustment scheme and the proposed scheme, are verified by examples. The results show that when the starting fare and mileage fee of the taxi are 12 / 14 / 12 yuan and 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / km-1, / h-1, respectively, the taxi income is 669.9504.9675.9 yuan and the adjustment scheme is based on the analysis of the result that the taxi's income is 669.9504.9675.9 yuan (RMB / h ~ (-1) respectively). Taxi demand fell by 46.1 percent and taxi revenue by 25 percent. Under the proposed plan, taxi demand fell by 18.5 percent, and taxi revenue remained basically stable with the original plan. Based on the existing taxi fee structure, the proposed scheme can better achieve the taxi demand and revenue control goals. The taxi price reform plan of Beijing should stabilize or reduce the starting fee and mileage fee, and increase the waiting time fee.
【作者单位】：长安大学经济与管理学院;河北联合大学建筑工程学院;德克萨斯理工大学土木与环境工程系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51278057) 国家社会科学基金项目(09XJY004) 陕西省自然科学基金项目(2012JQ5013) 高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20130205110001) 西安市社会科学基金项目(14J77)
【分类号】：F570.5

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