考虑拒载的出租车市场平衡机制与优化模型

发布时间：2018-11-11 08:36

【摘要】：为分析拒载给出租车市场供需平衡带来的影响,构建了神经元S特性函数形式的出租车拒载函数,函数引入出租车市场规模、等候时间、价格等市场参数,讨论存在拒载行为的出租车市场供需平衡机制,并构建考虑拒载的以社会福利最大化为目标的出租车市场优化模型。研究结果表明:在有拒载时,最优价格基本保持不变,出租车规模则需要增加,社会总福利下降;模型应用于西安市出租车市场,当存在出租车拒载时,出租车平均等候时间由0.1h上升到0.65h,需求约下降1.3×104运次,同时在社会福利最大化目标下,出租车最优规模需由不存在拒载行为的8 426veh上升到10 839veh,最优价格基本不变,提出的模型能描述拒载行为对出租车市场带来的复杂影响。
[Abstract]:In order to analyze the influence of rejection on the balance of supply and demand in taxi market, a taxi rejection function in the form of neuron S characteristic function is constructed. The function introduces market parameters such as taxi market scale, waiting time, price and so on. This paper discusses the mechanism of taxi market supply and demand balance in the taxi market, and constructs a taxi market optimization model with the aim of maximizing social welfare. The results show that the optimal price remains unchanged, the taxi scale needs to increase and the total social welfare decreases. The model is applied to taxi market in Xi'an. When there is taxi rejection, the average waiting time of taxi increases from 0.1 h to 0.65 h, and the demand decreases about 1.3 脳 104 times, and at the same time, under the goal of maximizing social welfare, the average waiting time of taxi increases from 0.1 h to 0.65 h. The optimal scale of taxi should be increased from 8 426veh to 10 839 veh, and the optimal price is almost unchanged. The proposed model can describe the complex influence of the rejection behavior on the taxi market.
【作者单位】：长安大学经济与管理学院;德克萨斯理工大学土木与环境工程系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51278057) 教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20130205110001) 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2012JQ5013) 陕西省社会科学基金项目(12D247) 西安市社会科学基金项目(14J177)
【分类号】：F572

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