中国民航机场结构的时空演变特征及优化选择

发布时间：2018-11-14 10:07

【摘要】：以中国民航机场数量及其客货吞吐量为数据基础,结合空间分析等方法,探究中国民航机场结构的时空演变特征、服务范围变动及航空出行的供需关系等。研究发现:首先,中国民航机场数量及其运力稳步提升,形成以北京、上海、广州为多中心的多层级民航机场体系,其格局与区域发展水平基本协调;其次,运输吞吐量的空间分布集中性明显,其中货运的非均衡性更强,但近年来空间分布也均趋于均衡化,1980—2015年,空间重心迁移方向由东南向回转为西北向;再次,民航机场服务范围与其等级具有相关性,不同等级民航机场服务范围量化得分呈差异化变动,但多因机场总量的增加而表现出影响范围的相对收缩;最后,基于供需关系、区域发展实际及空间均衡诉求,提出以苏州为中心的苏南浙北地区、以石河子为主的新疆偏远地区、吉林黑龙江交界地区等地民航机场功能有待提升或需新建支线机场等,以期为进一步优化中国民航机场服务功能提供有益借鉴。
[Abstract]:Based on the data of the number of China Civil Aviation Airport and its passenger and cargo throughput, combined with spatial analysis and other methods, this paper probes into the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the structure of China's civil aviation airport, the change of service range and the relationship between supply and demand of air travel. First of all, the number and capacity of civil aviation airports in China have been steadily improved, forming a multi-level civil aviation airport system with Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou as multi-centers, and its pattern is basically coordinated with the level of regional development. Secondly, the spatial distribution of transportation throughput is concentrated obviously, in which the disequilibrium of freight transportation is stronger, but in recent years, the spatial distribution also tends to be equalized. From 1980 to 2015, the direction of the spatial center of gravity shifted from southeast to northwest. Thirdly, the service range of civil aviation airport is related to its grade. The quantitative score of civil aviation airport service range of different grades is different, but most of them show the relative contraction of the influence range because of the increase of the total amount of the airport. Finally, based on the relationship between supply and demand, regional development reality and spatial balance, the paper puts forward Suzhou as the center of northern Jiangsu and Shihezi as the main remote area of Xinjiang. The functions of civil aviation airports in Heilongjiang border area of Jilin province need to be improved or new regional airports should be built so as to provide useful reference for further optimizing the service functions of civil aviation airports in China.
【作者单位】：山东师范大学地理与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41371170) 山东省软科学计划项目(2016RKB01438) 山东师范大学研究生科研创新基金(SCX201727)
【分类号】：F562

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