城市公共交通成本规制方法优化研究

发布时间：2019-01-17 09:04

【摘要】：城市公共交通作为城市发展的重要载体和基础，它的良性发展直接影响着城市公共服务系统的高效运作水平。“公交优先”是国家提出的城市公共交通良性发展的重要战略，其中的财政优先是“公交优先”的重要保障。研究财政优先中的公交成本规制，，优化现行成本规制测算方法，对缓解城市道路交通矛盾、提升居民生活水平、落实“公交优先”国家战略具有重要的意义。本文在对研究领域相关的概念、理论回顾、梳理的基础上，重点分析了成本规制的实行原则及公交企业与政府之间的博弈关系，然后对深圳市推行的城市公共交通成本规制的优缺点进行了研究，提出了以用核心利润率测算补贴、建立成本节约激励机制为核心的城市公共交通成本规制测方法优化方案。并进一步参照调研得到的南昌市公交总公司三分公司近三年的财务报表，进行了公交企业各项成本的测算，并对改进前后的公交成本规制方法进行了较为详实的数理分析。最后从政府与公交企业的角度，分析了改进前后公交成本规制测算结果对自身的影响，对本文提出的改进后成本规制测算方法的可行性进行了佐证。本文研究认为，公交企业与政府之间的博弈关系决定了实施城市公共交通成本规制在理论和实践上是必要的，而且成本规制的补贴数额更是会影响公交企业提升服务质量的积极性。因此本文从深圳市推行的成本规制测算方法入手，结合推行后的实践效果，综合考虑提升公交企业降低成本积极性与成本规制测算科学性，形成了新的城市公共交通成本规制测算方法，并进行了实例验证。
[Abstract]:As an important carrier and foundation of urban development, urban public transport has a direct impact on the efficient operation of urban public service system. "Public transport priority" is an important strategy for the benign development of urban public transport put forward by the country, and the financial priority is an important guarantee of "public transport priority". It is of great significance to study the public transport cost regulation in the financial priority and optimize the calculation method of the current cost regulation for alleviating the contradiction of urban road traffic, improving the living standard of the residents and implementing the national strategy of "public transport priority". On the basis of reviewing and combing the related concepts, theories and theories in the field of research, this paper focuses on the implementation principle of cost regulation and the game relationship between the public transport enterprises and the government. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of urban public transport cost regulation in Shenzhen are studied, and the optimization scheme of urban public transport cost regulation measurement method is put forward, which takes the core profit margin as the core to calculate subsidies and establish a cost-saving incentive mechanism for urban public transport cost regulation. With reference to the financial statements of the three branches of Nanchang Public Transportation Corporation in the past three years, the cost of public transport enterprises is calculated, and the methods of regulating the cost of public transportation before and after improvement are analyzed in detail. Finally, from the angle of government and public transport enterprises, this paper analyzes the effect of the result of public transport cost regulation before and after the improvement, and proves the feasibility of the improved cost regulation calculation method put forward in this paper. This paper argues that the game relationship between the public transport enterprises and the government determines that the implementation of urban public transport cost regulation is necessary in theory and practice. Moreover, the subsidy amount of cost regulation will affect the enthusiasm of public transport enterprises to improve service quality. Therefore, this paper starts with the cost regulation calculation method carried out in Shenzhen, combined with the practical effect of the implementation, and comprehensively considers how to improve the enthusiasm of public transport enterprises to reduce the cost and the scientific calculation of the cost regulation. A new calculation method of urban public transport cost regulation is formed, and an example is given to verify it.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F572;F275.3

【参考文献】