哈大高铁建设与运营管理模式改革与研究

发布时间：2019-02-13 13:37

【摘要】：随着我国经济的发展和交通事业的突飞猛进，高速铁路作为连接城乡之间的桥梁和纽带起到了举足轻重的作用。大运量的运输模式，极大的促进了各种资源的有效整合，，并逐步以“3小时经济圈”为特色不断发展和壮大，中国高速铁路的发展速度举世嘱目。从我国第一条高铁——秦沈客专到代表东北高铁形象的哈大高铁，东北高铁逐步走在全国高铁前列，这些都充分证明了我国高铁技术的进步与中国发展高铁的实力。但是某些高铁建成后事故频发，（尤其是7.23重大铁路事故），却给中国高铁带来了前所未有的影响和信任危机。除客观因素外，事故的发生主要是因为管理上存在问题。中国高铁“项目法人制”建设模式与“委托经营制”运营模式之间存在着巨大的代沟，同时原有的“网运合一”的管理模式与中国高铁发展现状之间也存在着很大的矛盾，我国高铁管理模式亟待进行改革。首先应认真进行内部管理改革，完善资产经营责任制，制定新的行业标准，重新分配运输市场，加快转换经营。中国高铁的发展还要充分考虑外部环境的复杂性，根据中国国情、中国体制改革现关以及中国高铁路情，借鉴国外铁路改革的先进经验，进行外部管理改革。本文逐层剖析了哈大高铁的建运管理模式的改革尝试，从其建设、运营、管理、建运资金筹措等管理模式等方面，研究了我国高铁在管理模式上存在的问题，以及高铁的改革方向与方法。通过研究发现，哈大高铁改革了传统的“网运合一”管理模式，向BOT（build-operate-transfer）、“网运分离”的管理模式迈进了一大步。哈大高铁的建运模式的成功改革经验，再一次证明了“网运分离”是合理解决长期困扰中国铁路发展的体制弊端和结构性矛盾的最佳出路。
[Abstract]:With the development of our economy and the rapid development of transportation, high-speed railway plays an important role as a bridge and link between urban and rural areas. The transportation mode of large volume has greatly promoted the effective integration of various resources and gradually developed and expanded with the characteristics of "3-hour economic circle". From Qin Shenke, the first high-speed railway in China, to the Ha-Da high-speed railway, which represents the image of the high-speed railway in the Northeast, and the high-speed railway in the Northeast has gradually been in the forefront of high-speed rail in the whole country, which fully proves the progress of high-speed rail technology in China and the strength of high-speed rail development in China. But some high-speed rail accidents, especially the 7.23 major rail accident, have brought unprecedented impact and trust crisis to China's high-speed rail system. In addition to objective factors, accidents are mainly due to management problems. There is a huge generation gap between the construction mode of "project legal person system" and the mode of "entrustment operation" of high-speed railway in China. At the same time, there is also a great contradiction between the original management mode of "integration of network and transportation" and the present situation of high-speed railway development in China. The management mode of high-speed railway in our country needs to be reformed urgently. First of all, we should seriously carry out the reform of internal management, perfect the responsibility system for asset management, formulate new industry standards, redistribute the transportation market, and speed up the transformation of management. The development of China's high-speed railway should take into account the complexity of the external environment. According to China's national conditions, China's system reform and the current situation of China's high-speed railway, the advanced experience of foreign railway reform should be used for reference to carry out external management reform. In this paper, the author analyzes the reform of the management mode of high-speed railway construction and transportation, and studies the problems existing in the management mode of high-speed railway in China from the aspects of construction, operation, management, financing of construction and transportation, and so on. And the reform direction and method of high-speed railway. Through the research, it is found that the traditional management mode of "integration of network and transportation" has been reformed, and the management mode of BOT (build-operate-transfer) and "separation of network and operation" has taken a big step forward. The successful reform experience of the construction and transportation mode of high-speed railway in Harbin and Dalian has proved once again that the separation of network and transportation is the best way to solve the system malpractices and structural contradictions that have plagued the development of Chinese railway for a long time.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F532.3

【共引文献】