基于多个城市因子分析模型的北京市交通拥堵治理策略研究

发布时间：2019-06-15 21:05

【摘要】：城市交通是影响和带动整个城市发展,良性循环的重要布局建设,也是逐渐改善人民生活的具体表现,但是随着人们生活水平的提高,私家车逐渐进入到人们的日常生活中去,加之原有的道路交通基础设施增长不能及时地满足加速增长的小汽车数量对道路的需求,交通资源的供给与需求矛盾日益激化,交通拥堵问题已经成为全球许多城市面临的城市病。交通拥堵在北京市已经由来己久,且交通管理部门也在逐年增加公共交通基础设施资源,不断改善道路环境,逐渐限制小汽车的购买和使用。但是效果并不理想,小汽车使用比例依然居高不下,公共交通使用比例提升并不明显。因此,适时做出用经济手段调整交通资源的供需矛盾,已经成为现在北京市拥堵治理的主要课题。本文首先从供给、需求和制度上研究国内外道路交通管理理论,归纳其理论特点,以及实践应用情况；其次,对拥堵治理积极且效果良好的伦敦、首尔、东京、纽约、新加坡、香港、上海7大城市的对造成交通拥挤的相关因素进行因子分析,将16项因素分类,并得出因子得分,分析各城市拥堵治理效果良好的原因；第三,本文详细分析了北京市交通现状,归纳交通拥堵特点,并与7大城市进行详细对比,分析北京市与7城市间公共交通和私人交通差距；最后,结合因子分析结果和分析北京市与各大城市间治理差异对北京市交通拥堵治理措施提出具体对策建议。
[Abstract]:Urban traffic is an important layout construction that affects and drives the development of the whole city and a virtuous circle, and it is also a concrete manifestation of gradually improving people's lives. However, with the improvement of people's living standards, private cars gradually enter into people's daily life, in addition, the growth of the original road traffic infrastructure can not meet the demand for roads in the number of cars that accelerate the growth in time. The contradiction between the supply and demand of traffic resources is becoming more and more fierce, and the problem of traffic congestion has become a urban disease faced by many cities around the world. Traffic congestion has been in Beijing for a long time, and traffic management departments are also increasing public transport infrastructure resources year by year, constantly improving the road environment, and gradually restricting the purchase and use of cars. However, the effect is not ideal, the proportion of car use is still high, and the proportion of public transport use is not obvious. Therefore, timely adjustment of the contradiction between supply and demand of traffic resources by economic means has become the main topic of congestion control in Beijing. Firstly, this paper studies the theory of road traffic management at home and abroad from the aspects of supply, demand and system, and sums up its theoretical characteristics, as well as its practical application. Secondly, the factors related to traffic congestion in London, Seoul, Tokyo, New York, Singapore, Hong Kong and Shanghai, which are positive and effective in congestion management, are analyzed, 16 factors are classified, and the factors score are obtained, and the reasons for the good effect of congestion management in each city are analyzed. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the present situation of traffic in Beijing in detail, sums up the characteristics of traffic congestion, and compares it with seven major cities in detail, and analyzes the gap between public transport and private traffic between Beijing and 7 cities. Finally, combined with the results of factor analysis and the analysis of the governance differences between Beijing and major cities, this paper puts forward some concrete countermeasures and suggestions for the control of traffic congestion in Beijing.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F572.88;F224

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