长江上游驳船编队标准化研究

发布时间：2019-06-22 13:59

【摘要】：近年来,随着长江航道整治与维护工程的有效展开,机动船船型标准化工作的稳步进行,长江中下游干线驳船运输正逐渐被自航船取代,驳船运输正逐渐退出市场,但由于长江上游川江及三峡库区水文条件相对复杂,受到船闸,吃水等各种尺度限制,很多在中下游通用的自航船因自身尺寸限制无法在该区域自由航行,因此驳船运输以其自身吃水浅、尺寸灵活等特点在该区域货运市场中依然发挥着重要的作用。总体来看,长江上游川江及三峡库区轮驳船队结构存在船型杂乱,编队混乱等不足,而且多半都采用梭顶或者品字型顶推绑拖技术,其船队规模都很小,没有标准的编队方式。因此,研究驳船编队标准化问题,对推动长江上游地区驳船运输技术进步,提高驳船编队技术水平,优化轮驳船队结构,提高航道和船闸等通航设施利用率,减少船舶污染,保障水上交通运输安全,降低内河驳船运输成本,提高内河航运竞争力,促进长江航运可持续发展,都具有十分重要的意义。本文首先根据长江上游地区航段水深情况、通航情况、货流情况和水利设施分布位置,将其分为宜宾—重庆和重庆—宜昌两个航段,利用已经开发发布的标准驳船船型及推(拖)轮,在充分考虑航道水深限制、推(拖)轮拉力限制和船闸尺度限制的情况下确立不同航段备选编队方案,考虑到不同编队方案轮驳船队整体阻力会有所不同,通过建立阻力与航速、推力与航速的关系式,确定不同编队方案最佳营运航速,在此基础上进行轮驳船队运输经济性分析,利用IDS证据推理法对所有方案的指标值进行评价,经济性分析结果表明轮驳船队运输比传统干散货机动船运输更经济与环保,指标评价结果得出了宜宾至重庆航段驳船标准编队方案共计5种；重庆至宜昌航段驳船标准编队方案共计10种。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the effective development of the Yangtze River waterway regulation and maintenance project and the steady progress of the standardization of the ship type of motorized ships, barge transportation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is gradually replaced by self-sailing ships, and barge transportation is gradually withdrawn from the market. However, due to the relatively complex hydrological conditions in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the three Gorges Reservoir area, it is limited by shiplock, draught and other scales. Many self-sailing ships in the middle and lower reaches can not sail freely in this area because of their own size restrictions, so barge transportation still plays an important role in the regional freight market because of its shallow draught and flexible size. Generally speaking, there are some shortcomings in the structure of the ship barge fleet in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the three Gorges Reservoir area, such as disorderly ship type and chaotic formation, and most of them adopt shuttle top or font push tie and tow technology, and their fleet size is very small and there is no standard formation mode. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the standardization of barge formation in order to promote the technical progress of barge transportation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, improve the technical level of barge formation, optimize the structure of barge fleet, improve the utilization rate of navigation facilities such as waterway and shiplock, reduce ship pollution, ensure the safety of water transportation, reduce the transportation cost of inland waterway, improve the competitiveness of inland waterway shipping, and promote the sustainable development of Yangtze River shipping. In this paper, according to the water depth, navigation, cargo flow and the distribution position of water conservancy facilities in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, it is divided into two sections: Yibin-Chongqing and Chongqing-Yichang. By using the standard barge type and push (tug) wheel that have been developed and issued, the alternative formation schemes of different sections are established under the condition of fully considering the limitation of waterway water depth, the tension limit of push (towing) wheel and the scale limit of shiplock. Considering that the overall resistance of different formation schemes is different, the optimal operating speed of different formation schemes is determined by establishing the relationship between resistance and speed, thrust and speed. On this basis, the economic analysis of barge fleet transportation is carried out, and the index values of all schemes are evaluated by IDS evidence inference method. The economic analysis results show that the wheel barge fleet transportation is more economical and environmentally friendly than the traditional dry bulk cargo motorized ship transportation. The evaluation results show that there are five standard formation schemes for barges from Yibin to Chongqing. There are 10 standard formation schemes for barges in Chongqing-Yichang section.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F552;U692

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