基于EVA的商业银行业绩评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 08:21

本文选题：经济增加值(EVA) + 商业银行　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着大批外资银行进入中国市场,外资银行所拥有的庞大的规模、优质的资产、先进的管理理念以及良好的服务质量等竞争优势,无疑会对我国商业银行的经营业绩产生较大的影响,也会使我国银行业的竞争加剧。而且,我国银监会于2012年6月7日发布《商业银行资本管理办法(试行)》。该办法明确建立了与《巴塞尔协议Ⅲ》接轨的资本监管制度,要求各大银行的资本充足率不得低于8%,一级资本充足率不得低于6%,核心一级资本充足率不得低于5%。在经营环境发生变革以及监管要求更加严格的情况下,国内商业银行以利润为核心的业绩评价体系已不再适用于当前的商业银行。由于利润指标侧重对商业银行短期经营业绩的评价,而没有考虑经营风险和权益资本成本,导致商业银行在实际运用中普遍存在视角狭隘、倚重规模、忽视风险的情况,其缺陷已日益凸显。因此,构建一套符合当前商业银行经营特点、注重商业银行可持续发展、体现企业价值最大化理念的新的经营业绩评价体系已势在必然。本文结合我国银行业的特殊性和我国商业银行的实际情况,通过对税后经营净利润(NOPAT)、资本总额(TC)和加权平均资本成本(WACC)进行调整,构建适用于我国商业银行的EVA评价模型,并对11家商业银行2007-2012年的EVA表现进行了测算和评价,发现我国商业银行EVA值均大于零,4家国有控股银行的经营业绩均远远好于7家全国性中小股份制商业银行,而且11家商业银行的EVA值在2007年最低,在2008年有所上升,2009年均出现回落,在2010-2012年呈逐步上升的趋势；本文还将EVA各项指标与传统业绩评价指标进行比较,发现传统业绩评价指标一般会高估商业银行经营业绩,而EVA各项指标能更好、更全面客观地评价商业银行真正创造的价值。最后,本文根据骆驼评价体系的五大方面选取7个具体指标作为解释变量,以经济增加值回报率(REVA)作为被解释变量,进行多元线性回归分析,测度商业银行REVA与其驱动因素之间的相关程度,并根据回归结果对如何提高我国商业银行的经营业绩提出建议。
[Abstract]:With a large number of foreign banks entering the Chinese market, foreign banks have a huge scale, high-quality assets, advanced management concepts and good service quality, and other competitive advantages. There is no doubt that the performance of commercial banks in China will have a greater impact, but also will intensify the competition of the banking industry in China. Moreover, the CBRC issued the measures on Capital Management of Commercial Banks (trial) on June 7, 2012. The measures clearly establish a capital supervision system in line with Basel III, which requires that the capital adequacy ratio of major banks should not be lower than 8, tier one capital adequacy ratio must not be lower than 6, and core tier one capital adequacy ratio should not be lower than 5. With the change of the operating environment and the stricter regulatory requirements, the performance evaluation system of domestic commercial banks, which takes profit as the core, is no longer suitable for the current commercial banks. Because the profit index focuses on the evaluation of the short-term performance of commercial banks, and does not consider the operating risk and the cost of equity capital, commercial banks generally have a narrow perspective, rely on the scale and ignore the risk in the practical application. Its defects have become increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is inevitable to construct a new business performance evaluation system which accords with the characteristics of current commercial banks, pays attention to the sustainable development of commercial banks and embodies the concept of maximizing enterprise value. Based on the particularity of China's banking industry and the actual situation of commercial banks in our country, this paper adjusts the net operating profit after tax and the weighted average cost of capital by adjusting the net operating profit and the weighted average cost of capital, and sets up a EVA evaluation model suitable for commercial banks in China. The EVA performance of 11 commercial banks from 2007 to 2012 is measured and evaluated. It is found that the EVA value of China's commercial banks is higher than that of zero or four state-owned holding banks, and the operating performance of the 4 state-owned holding banks is far better than that of 7 national small and medium-sized joint-stock commercial banks. Moreover, the EVA value of 11 commercial banks was the lowest in 2007, rose in 2008, declined in 2009, and gradually increased in 2010-2012. This paper also compares the EVA indicators with traditional performance evaluation indicators. It is found that the traditional performance evaluation indicators generally overestimate the operating performance of commercial banks, while the EVA indicators can be better, more comprehensive and objective evaluation of the value that commercial banks really create. Finally, according to the five aspects of camel evaluation system, seven specific indicators are selected as explanatory variables, and the rate of return on economic added value (EVA) is used as explained variable to carry out multivariate linear regression analysis. This paper measures the degree of correlation between REVA and its driving factors of commercial banks, and puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the operating performance of commercial banks in China according to the regression results.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.33;F830.42

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