低碳背景下发电企业运营效率评价研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 04:19

本文选题：发电企业 + 运营效率　；参考：《华北电力大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：“十二五”期间,我国经济社会快速发展,全社会用电需求不断增加,随着内外部发展环境的快速变化,发电企业的经营管理面临着前所未有的挑战。同时,作为我国温室气体排放大户,发电行业必将成为推进节能减排、贯彻我国可持续发展战略的工作重点。在此背景下,发电企业传统的运营评价机制已难以与国家的低碳发展要求相兼容,也难以充分反映发电企业经营生产的现实情况。因此实现我国发电企业的跨越式战略发展,将低碳要素纳入发电企业运营评价体系,设计新的评价方法已经成为目前热门的研究方向。发电企业的运营效率评价与传统制造业企业不同,由于发电企业的主营业务是发电生产,因此发电企业的运营效率评价中必须包含对发电企业生产能力的分析评价。另一方面,发电企业的生产经营活动还包括对各项资金的获取与使用,从而获取利润的过程,因此经营效率评价也是必需的。通过运营效率评价,能够综合反映发电企业的生产经营管理情况,制定符合发电企业实际情况的优化改进策略,因此运营效率评价将成为提高本企业的经营管理水平,增强企业综合竞争力的重要手段之一。本文首先给出发电企业运营效率的概念范畴,分析发电企业运营效率与传统的技术效率、经营效率与经济效率之间的区别,在综合分析各类评价方法的基础上重点研究数据包络分析方法的适用性,从发电生产、经营管理、低碳发展三个角度分析了低碳背景下发电企业的运营现状；其次构建了以财务指标为核心,辅以发电生产指标,兼容低碳发展指标的运营效率评价指标体系,并将指标分为输入指标与输出指标,提出了指标预处理的方法；再次,构建数据包络分析评价初级模型,针对初级模型易受到数据极值影响、未区分指标正负向等缺陷,对模型进行改进,并运用鞍点算法,将具体数据带入模型进行计算,验证模型的科学性与合理性；最后,针对发电企业目前存在的问题,提出低碳背景下发电企业优化运营策略。
[Abstract]:During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, with the rapid development of our country's economy and society, the demand for electricity in the whole society is increasing. With the rapid changes of the internal and external development environment, the management of power generation enterprises is facing unprecedented challenges. At the same time, as a large greenhouse gas emitter in China, the power generation industry will become the focus of promoting energy saving and emission reduction and carrying out the strategy of sustainable development in China. In this context, the traditional operation evaluation mechanism of power generation enterprises has been difficult to be compatible with the low-carbon development requirements of the country, and it is difficult to fully reflect the reality of power generation enterprises' operation and production. Therefore, it has become a hot research direction to realize the leapfrog strategic development of power generation enterprises in our country, to incorporate low-carbon elements into the operation evaluation system of power generation enterprises and to design new evaluation methods. The operational efficiency evaluation of power generation enterprises is different from that of traditional manufacturing enterprises. Because the main business of power generation enterprises is generation production, the analysis and evaluation of power generation enterprises' productive capacity must be included in the operation efficiency evaluation of power generation enterprises. On the other hand, the production and management activities of power generation enterprises also include the acquisition and use of various funds, thus the process of obtaining profits, so the evaluation of operation efficiency is also necessary. Through the operation efficiency evaluation, it can comprehensively reflect the production and management situation of the power generation enterprise, and make the optimization and improvement strategy in accordance with the actual situation of the power generation enterprise. Therefore, the operation efficiency evaluation will become the improvement of the management level of the enterprise. One of the important means to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises. This paper first gives the concept category of power generation enterprise operation efficiency, analyzes the difference between power generation enterprise operation efficiency and traditional technology efficiency, operation efficiency and economic efficiency. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of all kinds of evaluation methods, the applicability of data envelopment analysis method is emphatically studied, and the operation status of power generation enterprises under low carbon background is analyzed from three angles of power generation production, management and low-carbon development. Secondly, the operating efficiency evaluation index system, which takes the financial index as the core, is supplemented by the power generation production index and is compatible with the low-carbon development index, is constructed, and the index is divided into the input index and the output index, and the pre-processing method of the index is put forward. The primary model of data envelopment analysis is constructed. The primary model is easily influenced by the data extremum, and the index is not distinguished, so the model is improved, and the saddle point algorithm is used to carry out the calculation. Finally, aiming at the existing problems of power generation enterprises, the optimization strategy of power generation enterprises under the low carbon background is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F406.7;F426.61

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