中国旅游人培养模式研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 21:40

本文关键词：中国旅游人培养模式研究　出处：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：具有“无烟产业”和“永远的朝阳产业”美称的旅游业，己经与石油业、汽车业并列为世界三大产业。2009年国务院《关于加快发展旅游业的意见》的颁布，将旅游业提升至战略性支柱产业的地位，旅游业迎来了巨大的发展机遇。在此背景下，一种新的矛盾出现并日益凸显，即旅游业蓬勃发展对人才的大量需求与高素质的旅游人才供给匮乏之间的矛盾。21世纪是人才竞争的世纪，人力资源作为第一资源，不仅成为各国经济发展和科技进步的核心推动要素，也是国家与国家综合实力较量的竞争焦点。目前我国旅游人才队伍呈现出数量不足、质量偏低、结构失衡等问题，现实情况不容乐观。培养和建设一支符合市场需求、有国际竞争力的高素质旅游人才队伍成为推动旅游业发展的当务之急。本文以旅游人才培养模式为研究的切入点，基于旅游产业发展特征及对人才的需求，从我国旅游人才培养现状及培养历史入手，分析我国在旅游人才培养中存在的问题，剖析背后的深层原因，总结影响我国旅游人才培养水平的相关因素，发现旅游人才培养模式落后是其中的关键原因之一。通过对我国旅游人才培养模式类型与导向的剖析，以及对美国、瑞士、澳大利亚、德国、日本等旅游教育发达国家人才培养模式的类型与导向的比较，总结、借鉴国外的成功模式和实践经验，为我国旅游人才培养提供有益借鉴。在上述研究基础上，本文提出要创新旅游人才培养理念，围绕素质教育、能力提高、知识学习及技能培养，培养适应产业发展需求的适用型、全面发展型和创新复合型旅游人才。在这一理念指引下，从供求关系着手，提出改革现行“h”型旅游人才培养模式，构建“H”型旅游学术研究及应用型人才双线培养模式，在其间搭建互通的渠道，使其均衡发展、互相渗透。通过研究型人才与应用型人才平衡发展的全新设计，引导学生根据自身特点、优势和兴趣，选择从事学术研究或应用型工作的职业发展方向，，以解决应用型旅游人才短缺的问题。本文还提出，要以能力提升为核心，构建旅游人才“通联式”培养体系。在教育的连贯性上，从纵向将不同层次旅游教育贯穿于人的一生，实现人与教育的整合。在教育的综合与互补性上，从横向上将不同类别性质的旅游人才培养教育相结合，将学校教育（含普通教育和职业教育）与岗位培训融为一体，实现教育与生活无缝结合的终身教育。在教育获取的便利性上，采用灵活多样的形式、内容和方式，以满足人人受教育，人人皆有学习机会的需求。最后，本文基于上述观点和相关研究，构建了“H”型旅游人才培养模式的实现路径，提出要实现由“以教师为中心”到“以学生为中心”、由“以课堂教学和书本知识掌握为中心”到“以素质养成和解决问题为中心”的转变，并针对我国具体国情及旅游行业发展情况，提出了具有可行性的研究建议。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century , as the first resource , the tourism industry has become the core driving factor of national economic development and scientific and technological progress , and it is also the competition focus of the country and the national comprehensive strength . In the 21st century , the tourism talent team in our country has not only become the core driving factor of national economic development and scientific and technological progress , but also the competition focus of the national comprehensive strength . Based on the development characteristics of tourism industry and the demand of talents , this paper analyzes the problems existing in the training of tourism personnel in our country , analyzes the reasons behind it , summarizes the relevant factors that affect the training level of tourism personnel in our country , and finds out that the training mode of tourism is one of the key reasons . Through the analysis of the types and guidance of tourism personnel training mode in China , and the comparison and conclusion of the types and guidance of the training model of tourism education developed countries such as USA , Switzerland , Australia , Germany and Japan , this paper summarizes and draws lessons from the successful models and practical experience of foreign countries , and provides beneficial reference for the training of tourism personnel in China . On the basis of the above research , this paper puts forward the concept of innovative tourism talents training , and puts forward the application type , comprehensive development type and innovative compound tourism talents to meet the needs of the industry development . Under the guidance of this concept , the author puts forward the reform of the current " h " type tourism talent training mode , constructs the " H " type tourism academic research and the application - oriented talents double - line culture mode , constructs the " H " type tourism academic research and the application - oriented talents double - line culture mode , and guides the students to develop the professional development direction of academic research or application type according to their own characteristics , advantages and interests , so as to solve the problem of shortage of application - type tourism talents . This paper also puts forward that the cultivation system of tourism talents is established in order to improve the ability . In the continuity of education , different levels of tourism education are integrated into one ' s life from the longitudinal direction , so as to realize the integration of human and education . In the comprehensive and complementarity of education , the school education ( including ordinary education and vocational education ) and the post training are combined to realize the lifelong education of seamless integration of education and life . Finally , based on the above - mentioned viewpoint and relevant research , this paper constructs the realization path of " H " type tourism talent training mode , and puts forward the transformation of " taking teacher as center " to " student - centered " and " taking the knowledge of classroom teaching and book knowledge as the center " to " taking the quality form and solving the problem as the center " , and puts forward the feasible research proposal aiming at the specific situation of our country and the development of tourism industry .

【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F592

【引证文献】