中国古代茶具审美特征与文化外延的考量

发布时间：2018-01-07 07:12

本文关键词：中国古代茶具审美特征与文化外延的考量　出处：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从“茶之为饮，发乎神农”到平民百姓家的“开门七件事，柴米油盐酱醋茶”，茶成为了人们日常生活中不可或缺的必备品。饮茶在古人的视野中不仅仅在于其味道甘甜，值得品味，还因为它在色、香、形等方面都能给人以美的享受，因此，饮茶越来越讲究与之配套的茶具，伴之以优美的环境，从而在饮茶中享受的是整体的美感，因此，在漫长的历史发展中，茶由最初的药用或食用发展为后来的一种文化，由“饮茶”逐渐过渡到了“品茶”的同时，相应地，在到了茶之为“品”的阶段，茶具也越发得到人们的重视。茶具作为一种物质的存在，是受人们意识的支配，并是人们思想行为的结果，每个时代生产具有什么风格特点的茶具，除了它的实用性外，跟每个时期人们的审美文化有着直接的关系。从本质上说，一个时期饮茶器具所呈现出的某种特点，不是个人在制造中做出的某种选择，而是此一时期的人们在一系列连续重复的器物制造过程中的群体实践的反映，它是以共同的社会历史环境和民族文化为基础的，不同时期人们的审美是有着明显时代特点的，既使在特定时代条件下对茶具审美特征及其文化的分析是复杂的，它受多种因素的影响，但同一时代条件下的这种差异是永远也跳不出其时代范围限制的，因此，对中国古代茶具审美特征的研究应建立在不同时代的社会环境、文化坏境的背景下去进行，只有这样，所作出的结论才能尽可能的揭示其发展规律的本质。对于最初的专用茶具产生于何时的问题，尽管茶文化研究界把西汉辞赋家王褒《憧约》中提到的“烹茶尽具，憐已盖藏”这一说法认作是最早提到的关于茶具的史料，但这一说法并不足以证明此时期专门的饮茶器具已经从日常饮食器具中分离出来，并出现专用的饮茶器具。因此到目前为止，还没有足够的证据证明在唐代之前已经有专用茶具的出现（因为唐代出现了专门的茶书——《茶经》），因此，本文是从唐代开始，论述了中国不同历史时期，在人们不同审美文化影响下，茶具所呈现出的典型特征。纵观中国两千年来的茶具发展过程，各朝各代茶具在审美风格上都保持着中国传统审美的共性，即含蓄、内敛，追求由形入神、以形传神，比起形式的表达，中国古人更重视内在的文化意蕴。但在这一总的特征下，，不同时期、不同朝代由于其经济水平、生活方式的不同，又有着各自鲜明的特点。
[Abstract]:From "tea for drinking," to the "Shennong" to the common people's "open the door seven things, Chai rice oil salt sauce vinegar tea." Tea has become an indispensable part of people's daily life. Tea drinking in the vision of the ancients not only lies in its taste sweet, worthy of taste, but also because it can give people beautiful enjoyment in color, fragrance, shape and so on. Therefore, tea drinking more and more pay attention to the matching tea set, accompanied by beautiful environment, thus enjoying the overall aesthetic sense in tea drinking, therefore, in the long history of development. Tea from the first medicinal or edible to a later culture, from "drinking tea" gradually transition to "tea" at the same time, correspondingly, in the tea for the "product" stage. Tea sets are also getting more and more attention. Tea set, as a kind of material existence, is controlled by people's consciousness and is the result of people's thought and behavior. It has a direct relationship with the aesthetic culture of people in every period. In essence, a certain characteristic of tea drinking utensils in a period is not a choice made by individuals in manufacturing. It is a reflection of the group practice of people in this period in a series of continuous repeated artifacts manufacturing process, which is based on the common social and historical environment and national culture. People's aesthetics in different periods has obvious characteristics of the times, even if the analysis of tea set aesthetic characteristics and its culture is complex under the specific conditions of the times, it is influenced by a variety of factors. But this kind of difference under the same time condition can never jump out its time limit, therefore, the research on the aesthetic characteristics of Chinese ancient tea set should be based on the social environment of different times. Only in this way, the conclusion can reveal the nature of its development law as much as possible. As for the question of when the original special tea set came into being, although the research circle of tea culture used the "cooking tea" as mentioned in Wang Bao, a ci writer in the Western Han Dynasty. The term "pity has been covered" is considered to be the earliest historical reference to tea sets, but it is not enough to prove that the special tea drinking utensils of this period have been separated from the daily cooking utensils. Therefore, so far, there is not enough evidence to prove that there was a special tea set before the Tang Dynasty (because there was a special tea book in the Tang Dynasty-"Tea Sutra"), so far, there is not enough evidence to prove that there was a special tea set before the Tang Dynasty. This paper begins with the Tang Dynasty, and discusses the typical characteristics of tea set under the influence of people's different aesthetic culture in different historical periods of China, and makes a general survey of the development process of tea ware in China over the past two thousand years. Tea sets of different dynasties in the aesthetic style have maintained the Chinese traditional aesthetic commonness, that is, implicit, introverted, the pursuit of form into mind, to form the spirit, compared to the form of expression. The ancient Chinese paid more attention to the inherent cultural connotation, but under this general characteristic, different dynasties had their own distinctive characteristics because of their different economic level and lifestyle.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：J527

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