史前姜寨聚落遗址虚拟重现的研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 08:12

本文选题：聚落遗址　切入点：场景构建　出处：《南京信息工程大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国是世界最古老的文明古国之一,拥有大量的史前聚落考古遗址,如河姆渡文化、仰韶文化遗址等。史前聚落遗址蕴含丰富的历史文化信息,具备很高的考古价值,其研究是聚落考古学研究的一个重要领域。通过分析聚落遗址资料了解原始人类居住的建筑结构与环境,以此探讨史前人类的社会组织结构,为研究社会的发展变迁提供重要的线索。本文以姜寨聚落遗址一期文化的考古发掘资料为基础数据,应用虚拟现实的三维可视化技术实现场景构建与人机交互。首先以遗址及其周围自然场景作为主要对象进行展示,并应用粒子相关技术实现场景中云层、雨水、雪花、雾等气象环境仿真；其次建立以时间和用户输入为系统驱动源,实现场景与音效变换,并通过鼠标的拾取操作进行人机交互与场景编辑；采用三维体视化技术实现聚落房屋建筑、道路的构建,形成逼真的姜寨聚落遗址的生活场景,再现原始姜寨聚落的生活。主要研究内容包括： (1)姜寨聚落遗址中包含山体、壕沟、房屋、灰坑、墓葬等遗迹,而该遗迹的深度数值并未包含在已测量的DEM数据中,所以需根据考古发掘中关于遗迹高度与深度的资料对聚落遗址遗迹处的实际地形数据进行修正；山体的数据也不包含在地形数据中,所以研究利用地形调整工具实现对山体的生成和编辑；同时依据系统所要达到的渲染效果与真实测绘数据误差的要求,通过调整地形修正的精度、范围、方向,提高房屋、壕沟等高程的精确度。 (2)依据姜寨聚落遗址中的遗迹的属性信息,主要是大小、方位、形制、颜色,采用相应的方法对其进行分类,得到遗迹中主要房屋的分类结果；采用三维可视化体建模技术构建分类后的房屋,采用实例技术可对上述同一类别遗迹的快速建模,完成场景中房屋遗迹实体的生成,降低了对复杂实体建模的工作量。 (3)系统重现过程需实现各遗迹与实测地理坐标的对应关系,达到各遗迹在场景中按考古发掘实测资料精确分布的要求。首先研究场景漫游与编辑过程中,如何获取当前屏幕坐标并将其转换到世界坐标系、空间直角坐标系与大地坐标系,最终得到场景遗迹对应的大地坐标,将其与遗迹发掘的大地坐标比对；根据比对结果得到误差数值,采用三维实体拾取技术,选取场景中的实体对象,对实体位置进行调整。 (4)研究使用方形盒构建虚拟聚落场景的天空,使用Billboard技术构建场景中的树木；研究如何实现场景中白天与夜晚、自然环境的变换,例如太阳位置相对时间的变换；研究应用粒子技术对气象环境,如云层、雨水、雪花、雾效果进行仿真,同时实现天空、地表随季节与气象环境的变化而变化。 (5)研究场景中人机交互的操作方式,实现场景编辑、漫游、信息反馈等。用户使用鼠标与键盘操作同系统进行交互,实现遗迹位置移动、漫游视点的切换、场景观察效果的变换、声音效果变换、气象效果变换、自然场景的更替等。
[Abstract]:Chinese is one of the oldest ancient civilizations in the world, has a large number of prehistoric settlement archaeological sites, such as Hemudu Site culture, Yangshao culture sites. Rich historical and cultural information contains prehistoric settlement sites, it has high archaeological value, its research is an important research field of settlement archaeology. Understanding the original building structure and human habitation the environment through the analysis of settlement site data, in order to explore the social structure of prehistoric humans, provide important clues for the development of social change.
In this paper, a culture of Jiangzhai settlement sites of archaeological data as basic data, construction and implementation of interactive scene 3D visualization technology of virtual reality applications. First to sites and their natural scenes as the main object of display, and to achieve the scene in the clouds, the application of particle technology of rain, snow, fog and other weather simulation; secondly, to establish time and user input to the system drive source, realize the transformation of scene and audio, and human-computer interaction and scene editing by picking up the mouse operation; to achieve settlement buildings using 3D visualization technology, road construction, the formation of realistic Jiangzhai settlement sites of the life scene, reproduce the original Jiangzhai settlement. The main contents include:
(1) Jiangzhai settlement sites included in the mountain, trenches, houses, pits, tombs and other relics, but the depth value of these relics is not included in the DEM data have been measured, so need to be corrected according to the actual terrain data of settlement site at the ruins of the ruins on the height and depth of the archaeological excavations in the mountain; the data is not included in the terrain data, so the realization of generating and editing the use of terrain adjustment tools; at the same time on the basis of the system to be achieved by rendering and real mapping data error, by adjusting the terrain correction accuracy, scope, direction, improve housing, such as a trench elevation accuracy.
(2) according to the attribute information remains in the Jiangzhai settlement sites, mainly is the size, location, shape, color, use the corresponding method to classify the classification results, the main buildings in the ruins of the body; the 3D visualization modeling technology to build the classification of buildings, the examples of technology can be fast modeling of the same a category of the ruins, generating complete ruins entity in the scene, to reduce the complicated modeling workload.
(3) to achieve the corresponding relationship between the ruins and measured geographic coordinates system to reproduce the process, achieve the data according to the archaeological excavations in the ruins of the scene in the precise distribution of requirements. The process of scene roaming and editing, how to obtain the current screen coordinates and convert it to the world coordinate system and geodetic rectangular coordinates in space coordinate system, finally get the geodetic coordinates of the scene corresponding to the ruins, and geodetic coordinate alignment explore ruins; according to the results we got the error, using 3D picking technology, select entities in the scene, to adjust the position of the entity.
(4) study the use of square box to construct the virtual scene settlement of the sky, the trees in the construction scene using Billboard technology; to study how to realize the day and night scene, natural environment change, such as the position of the sun relative time transform; application of particle technology on meteorological environment, such as clouds, rain, snow, fog simulation at the same time, the sky, the surface varies with seasons and weather conditions.
(5) human-computer interaction in the scene mode of operation, realize the scene editing, roaming, information feedback and so on. Users interact with the system using the mouse and keyboard, the remains of mobile location, roaming and handoff point of view of the scene to observe the effect of the transformation, sound transformation, meteorological effect transformation, the replacement of natural scenes.

【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP391.9;K878

【参考文献】