基于DEA的湖南省国家级森林公园旅游效率评价与优化

发布时间：2018-04-14 14:36

本文选题：国家级森林公园 + 湖南省　；参考：《中南林业科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着生态旅游的逐年升温,森林公园作为生态旅游的主要承担者,也得到了较快的发展。湖南作为林业大省,同时也是我国第一个国家级森林公园-张家界国家森林公园所在地,森林公园建设一直全国领先,截止2013年底,全省共建设国家、省、市(县、区)三级森林公园119处,合计占地面积441862.03公顷,占湖南省国土面积2%以上。仅2103年,全省森林公园共接待游客3525.5万人次,占全省旅游总人数10%,实现旅游创收425747.48万元,占全省旅游收入的1.6%。在此背景下森林公园旅游效率问题逐渐得到重视,但是目前我国针对森林园效率分析的研究较少,不能满足湖南省森林公园事业的发展需求。本文首先运用数据包络分析法(DEA)中的CCR模型和BBC模型对2013年湖南省51处国家级森林公园旅游效率进行测度,随后又运用DEA-Malmquist指数模型对湖南省2009-2013年国家级森林公园旅游效率进行测度,获得主要结论如下：1、2013湖南省年51处国家级森林公园中,35处旅游综合效率有效。综合效率无效的16处公园中,13处规模效率和纯技术效率均无效,3处规模效率无效。效率无效的国家森林公园中3处处于规模效率递减阶段,13处处于规模效率递增阶段。2、从减少投入的角度,处于规模效率递减阶段的3处公园在公园面积、年度投资、硬件设施投入等三个方面投资冗余,需适当减少；从增加产出的角度,处于规模效率递增阶段的13处公园的年收入额、年游客接待量等指标不达标。3、2009年至2013年间湖南省14个地市州中,12个旅游综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率均有效,株洲市由于纯技术效率无效,导致综合效率无效,永州市综合效率无效是因为其规模效率无效。4、就技术进步指数而言,横向看,12个地市州处于技术进步阶段,湘潭市和常德市技术进步指数小于1,处于技术退步阶段。纵向看,2010-2011年度该值为2.247,处于技术进步阶段；其它年份该值均低于1,处于技术退步阶段,年度增长的波动性较大。5、发展情况来看,娄底、衡阳等10个地市州具有高效率和高生产率；株洲、永州两市效率较低,但发展潜力较大；常德、湘潭两市效率、生产率均低亟需整改。
[Abstract]:With the increasing of ecotourism year by year, forest park, as the main carrier of ecotourism, has also developed rapidly.Hunan, as a big forestry province, is also the first national forest park in China-Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. Forest park construction has been leading the country. By the end of 2013, the whole province has built a country, province, city (county).The third class forest park covers a total area of 441862.03 hectares, accounting for more than 2% of the land area of Hunan Province.Only 2103, the forest park of the whole province received 35.255 million tourists, accounting for 1010 times of the total number of tourism in the whole province, and realized 4.2574748 billion yuan of tourism income, which accounted for 1.6% of the province's tourism income.Under this background, the tourism efficiency of forest parks has been paid more and more attention, but the research on forest park efficiency analysis in our country is few, which can not meet the needs of the development of forest parks in Hunan Province.In this paper, the CCR model and BBC model of data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) are used to measure the tourism efficiency of 51 national forest parks in Hunan Province in 2013.Then the DEA-Malmquist index model is used to measure the tourism efficiency of the national forest parks in Hunan Province from 2009 to 2013. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the comprehensive tourism efficiency of 35 national forest parks in 51 national forest parks in Hunan Province in 2013 is effective.The scale efficiency of 13 parks and the pure technical efficiency of 16 parks were not effective and three of them were not effective.In the inefficient national forest parks, 3 are in the stage of decreasing scale efficiency and 13 are in the increasing stage of scale efficiency. From the angle of reducing investment, 3 parks in the declining stage of scale efficiency are in the park area and annual investment.Three areas of investment redundancy, such as hardware investment, need to be appropriately reduced; in terms of increasing output, the annual income of 13 parks in the incremental phase of scale efficiency,From 2009 to 2013, 12 of the 14 prefectures in Hunan Province were effective in comprehensive tourism efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, and Zhuzhou City had no comprehensive efficiency due to the ineffective pure technical efficiency.In terms of technological progress index, 12 prefectures are in the stage of technological progress, while Xiangtan and Changde are in the stage of technological retrogression.Vertically, the value for 2010-2011 is 2.247, which is in the stage of technological progress. In other years, this value is below 1, in the stage of technological decline, and the annual growth rate is large. 5. According to the development situation, Loudi,Hengyang and other 10 prefectures have high efficiency and high productivity; Zhuzhou and Yongzhou have low efficiency, but the development potential is great; Changde, Xiangtan are both low efficiency and productivity are in urgent need of rectification and reform.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F592.7

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